Journals
Books
Articles by keyword entropy
Metrological Approach to Structural Complexity Estimation in Brain Biopotential Analysis System
L.G. Akulov, R.V. Litovkin
Choice of the Outgoing Frequency-Manipulated Sequences for the Radar Measuring of Airborne Vehicles Range-Rate
V.Yu. Savostyanov
Information-Entropy an Estimation of Biophysical Signals
V.I. Volkov, S.A. Ostanin
A Heart Rhythm Communication with Its Filling and Phase Structure
А. A. Kuznetsov
Access Modification to the Measurement of Object Radial Velocity in Radar System with Impulse Rebuilding of the Carrier Frequency
D. G. Mitrofanov
APPLICATION OF A PRINCIPLE OF INVARIANT RELATIONS FOR WORKING OUT OF QUANTITATIVE METHODS OF AN ESTIMATION OF PARAMETRES OF A HOMEOSTASIS OF A HUMAN BODY
A.M. Nosovskij, I.M. Larina, A.I. Grigorev
The electro-cardio-signals diagrams structural-topological analysis
A.A. Kuznetsov
Kullback Information of Spectral Estimations
V.T. Sarychev
Nonlinear Signal Processing of Laser Doppler Flowmetry Records
S.M. Arakelyan, A.O. Kucherik, V.G. Prokoshev, D.P. Troitsky, M.V. Shishkina
Definition of an Organism Common Functional Condition under the Heart Rhythm Diagram
А.A. Kuznetsov
Learning with teacher of spiking neuron in spatial-temporal impulse pattern detection task
O. Yu. Sinyavskiy, A. I. Kobrin
Application of information-theoretical approach to problem of multilayered perceptron training
O. A. Morozov, P. E. Ovchinnikov, Yu. A. Semin, V. R. Fidelman
A Heart Rate Variability Estimation Method and Interpretation at Definition of an Organism Functional Condition
A.A. Kuznetsov
Approximate Entropy Parameters Analysis in the Context of Anaesthesia Depth Estimation
L.A. Manilo, S.S. Volkova
Integrated Estimation of external factors of influence on a young people functional state
А. A. Kuznetsov
Information control system of a difficult technical complex in the Information field
S. I. Pochuev, V. S. Prokopenko
The estimation method of trajectory instabilities of air object flight upon the sequence of range profiles
A. G. Prohorkin, D. G. Mitrofanov, V. A. Perehozhev
The dynamics of random-disturbed Volterra-Lotke system and the maximum entropy method
V. Zhuravlev, P. Mironov
Stimulative electromyography signals processing by means of wavelet-package decomposition
K.Sh. Ismayilova
Research of a heart rhythm disorder dynamics
A.A. Kuznetsov
Approximation of binomial dependent law by the compositions of normal, uniform, and arc sine distributions of values
B.S. Akhmetov, D.N. Nadeev, I.V. Urnev, I.V. Serikov
Entropy quality estimation of a neural network converter «biometrics-code» parameter
A.V. Mayorov, S.V. Kulikov
Connection between the entropy of neural network converters «biometrics-code» output states and the pair correlation coefficients
D.N. Nadeev, V.A. Funtikov, A.I. Ivanov
Physical entropy and representation of numbers in the computer
S.P. Savelyev
Formulas of an organism functional condition
А.A. Kuznetsov
K-complexity in Context of Modern Information Technologies
S.P. Levashkin, V.V. Alexandrov
Quantization in wavelet based image compression systems
A.L. Priorov, I.S. Mochalov
Parameters heart rate variability communication in norm with it entropy
A.A. Kuznetsov
Leukocyte segmentation using edge detection
J.V. Stadelmann, I.N. Spiridonov
Fractal relations of the components of living organism as the basis of its systemic integrity (Part 1)
A.M. Nosovsky, I.M. Larina
Generalized criterion of a heart rhythm vegetative influences balance
A.A. Kuznetsov
Using fractal processing for detection and classification of random radio signals
A.V. Kuzovnikov
The formalization of the description of the uncertainty in the information systems based on the theory of fuzzy sets
S.V. Degtyarev, Yu.A. Halin, L.A. Lisitsyn, V.E. Starkov
The mathematical information theory for using in biology and medicine
G.I. Khudiakov - technical science doctor, professor of the medical radioelectronics department of Saint-Petersburg state university of aerospace instrumentation. E-mail: khudgi@mail.ru
Using fractal processing for detection and classification of random radio signals
A.V. Kuzovnikov - Ph.D.(Eng), associate professor of Siberian State Aerospace University, Leading Manager of JSC "ISS" (Krasnoyarsk). E-mail: ujub@list.ru
Fractal relations components of a living organism as the basis of its system integrity Part 2. Analysis of fractal characteristics in the steroidogenesis in the period of isolation healthy men germoobekte)
A.M. Nosovskiy - Dr.Sc. (Biol.), Leading Research Scientist, Federal State Institution of Science - National Research Center of the Russian Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow). E-mail: nam@imbp.ru
I.M. Larina - Dr.Sc. (Med.), Professor, Head of Laboratory Proteomics, Federal State Institution of Science - National Research Center of the Russian Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences. E-mail: irina.larina@gmail.com
The Devyatkov law (on the 40th anniversary of the discovery of non-thermal bioeffects of millimeter radiation)
Yu.P. Chukova - Ph.D (Phys.-Math). Senior Research Scientist, Academician of the Russian People-s Academy of Science (RPAS), Head of Department «Public health and ecology safety» of RPAS, Director of the Krasnopresnenskiy Ecological Fund
On the use of mutual information as objective function for image parameters - estimation
S.V. Voronov - Post-graduate Student of Ulyanovsk State Technical University. E-mail: valmedia@yandex.ru
Aposteriory entropy and short term variation of fetal heart rate
A.P. Kazantsev - Ph.D.(Eng.), Head of Biomedical Developments, Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Science (RAS), c. Pushchino
Yu.N. Ponomareva - Dr.Sc. (Med.), Professor, Department «Obstetrics and gynecology» medical faculty, State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education (SBEI HPE) «Moscow State Medical and Dental University n.a. A.I. Evdokimov» Russian Ministry of Health
A.V. Shulyakov - Senior Lecturer, Department «Information-Measuring and Biomedical Engineering», Ryazan State Radio Engineering University
On the use of mutual information as objective function for image parameters - estimation
V.E. Dementiev - Ph.D. (Eng.), associate professor at Ulyanovsk State Technical University. E-mail: valmedia@yandex.ru
S.V. Voronov - Post-graduate student of Ulyanovsk State Technical University. E-mail: valmedia@yandex.ru
The generalized descriptions of directions modeling for complex technical systems
Nguyen Quang Thuong - Dr. Sc. (Eng.), Senior Research Scientist, Dorodnicyn Computing Centre of RAS. E-mail: tirhonmos@yandex.ru
Doan Ngo Tuan Anh - Trainee, Dorodnicyn Computing Centre of RAS. E-mail: nguyenchik2010@yahoo.com.vn
Nguyen Dinh Chien - Trainee, Dorodnicyn Computing Centre of RAS. E-mail: chiendvt@gmail.com
Research identity of built-in type laser system shooting and hit simulation to system of tank armament
V.V. Lapochkina - Post-graduate Student, Television and Multimedia System Department, Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev. E-mail: Ve_La@mail.ru G.I. Ilyin - Dr.Sc. (Eng.), Professor, Head of Radio-electronic and Quantum Department, Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev. E-mail: reku@reku.kstu-kai.ru
Information method for estimating the optimal number of the factors
I.I. Ulshin - Ph. D. (Phys.-Math.), Associate Professor, Head of Department, Military Educational and Scientific Center «Zhukovsky-Gagarin Air Force Academy» (Voronezh). E-mail: ulshin@rambler.ru V.V. Popov - Ph. D. (Geogr.), Associate Professor, Deputy Head of Department, Military Educational and Scientific Center «Zhukovsky-Gagarin Air Force Academy» (Voronezh) P.A. Timofeev - Head of Center, Main Hydrometeorological Center of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
The basic characteristics of the healthy person organism functional state
A.A. Kuznetsov - Dr. Sc. (Eng.), Professor, Vladimir State University named after A.&N. Stoletovs. E-mail: ar-temi-k@mail.ru V.G. Gumennyj - Undergraduate, Vladimir State University named after A.&N. Stoletovs S.A. Permjakov - Post-graduate Student, Vladimir State University named after A.&N. Stoletovs
Efficiency analysis of information-theoretic measures in image registration
S.V. Voronov - Ph. D. (Eng.), Junior Research Scientist, Department «Radio Engineering», Ulyanovsk State Technical University. E-mail: s.voronov@ulstu.ru I.V. Voronov - Post-graduate Student, Department «Radio Engineering», Ulyanovsk State Technical University. E-mail: ilvo1987@gmail.com
Time series analysis in problems of control archive of design and technological documentation
I.A. Timina - Assistant, Department «Information Systems», Ulyanovsk State Technical University. E-mail: i.timina@ulstu.ru Yu.A Radionova - Ph. D. (Eng.), Leading Part-programming engineer, FRPC OJSC «RPA «Mars» (Ulyanovsk). E-mail: julia-owl@mail.ru N.G. Yarushkina - Dr. Sc. (Eng.), Professor, Head of Department «Information Systems», Ulyanovsk State Tech-nical University. E-mail: jng@ulstu.ru E.N. Egov - Assistant, Department «Information Systems», Ulyanovsk State Technical University. E-mail: kater73ru@rambler.ru
An approach to the development of a technology for large scale e-health in-home fetal monitoring
A.P. Kazantsev Ph.D. (Eng.), Senior Research Scientist, Group Leader in Biomedical Research FSBAS, Laboratory of New Me-thods in Biology, Institute for Biological Instrumentation with Pilot Production of the RAS (Pushchino). E-mail: te-lemed.ak@qmail.com A.A. Senin Ph.D. (Eng.), Research Scientist, Group of Biomedical Research FSBAS, Laboratory of New Methods in Biology, In-stitute for Biological Instrumentation with Pilot Production of the RAS (Pushchino). E-mail: digger_1@mail.ru J.N. Ponomareva Dr.Sc. (Med.), Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Medical University - Moscow State Medical and Dental University A. I. Yevdokimov - Russian Ministry of Health. E-mail: uliyapon@mail.ru M.N. Mochalova Ph. D. (Med.), Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical and Dental Faculties, State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education, Chita State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of the RF. E-mail: manimo@me.com E.M. Proshin Dr.Sc. (Eng.), Professor, Department Information-Measuring and Biomedical Engineering, Ryazan State Radio Engineering University, Laureate of the Ryazan Region of Science and Technology Academician V. F. Utkin. E-mail: iit@rgrtu.ryazan.ru
Method of building code trees for adaptive interleaving entropy coder
K.R. Mudrak - Engineer, LTD «Special Technological Center» (St. Petersburg). E-mail: zzzmurdoczzz@bk.ru
A universal indicator for the assessment of the masking and imitating radio noise-s efficiency
S.N. Panychev - Dr. Sc. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Department of Radio Engineering, Voronezh State Technical University, Leading Research Scientist, JSC «STC of REW» (Moscow). E-mail: pany4ev@mail.ru V.M. Pitolin - Dr. Sc. (Eng.), Professor, Department of Electric Drive, Automatic Equipment and Managements in Technical Systems, Voronezh State Technical University. E-mail: pitol@mail.ru N.A. Samotsvet - Post-graduate Student, Department of Electric Drive, Automatic Equipment and Managements in Technical Systems, Voronezh State Technical University, Senior Research Scientist, JSC «STC of REW» (Moscow). E-mail: csir.ntc.reb@gmail.com
Application of standard model of the Sun for calculation of intensity of fluctuations of physical time
A.N. Morozov - Dr.Sc. (Phys.-Math.), Professor, Head of Department of Physics, Bauman Moscow State Technical University. E-mail: amor59@mail.ru
Analytical estimation of the parameters of optoelectronic device based on FTIROS
V.B. Baiburin - Dr. Sc. (Phys.-Math.), Professor, Department «Information security of automated systems», Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Honored Scientist of RF, Academic of RANS. E-mail: baiburinvb@rambler.ru V.P. Meschanov - Dr. Sc. (Eng.), Professor, Director of NIKA-Microwave, Ltd (Saratov), Honored Scientist of RF. E-mail: nika373@bk.ru V.A. Kuznetsov - Ph. D. (Phys.-Math.), Associate Professor, Department of Engineering Physics, Saratov State Agro University named after N.I. Vavilov. E-mail: kuznetsov.va1948@yandex.ru
Fuzzy modeling and genetic optimization of the time series in the intellectual technical diagnostics system
E.N. Egov - Assistant, Department «Information Systems», Ulyanovsk State Technical University E-mail: e.egov@ulstu.ru N.G. Yarushkina - Dr. Sc. (Eng.), Professor, Department «Information Systems», Ulyanovsk State Technical University E-mail: jng@ulstu.ru D.V. Yashin - Post-graduate Student, Department «Information Systems», Ulyanovsk State Technical University E-mail: taurusrulez@yandex.ru
The solution of the problem of objects classification in the conditions of parametrical uncertainty and class intersection
A.V. Getmanchuk - Head of Sector, JSC «Taganrog Scientific Research Institute of Communications» E-mail: niis@pbox.ttn/ru
Estimation electroencephalogram entropy ro-bust algorithm
O.V. Cvetkov Dr.Sc. (Eng.), Professor, Department of Biotechnical Systems, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University «LETI» E-mail: ovts@bk.ru Y.A. Zhivolupova Post-graduate Student, Department of Biotechnical Systems, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University «LETI» E-mail: iulia.zhivolupova@gmail.com V.V. Savchenko Senior Research Scientist, Department of Biotechnical Systems, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University «LETI» E-mail: savchenko@mail.ru
Information characteristics of non-Gaussian signals and noise
V.M. Artyushenko - Dr. Sc. (Eng.), Professor, Head of Department of Information Technology and Management Systems, Technological University (Korolyov, Moscow region) E-mail: artuschenko@mail.ru V.I. Volovach - Dr. Sc. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Head of Department of Information and Electronic Service, Volga Region State University of Service (Togliatti) E-mail: volovach.vi@mail.ru
Assessment of coherence of radar signals in antenna arrays based on the analysis of the energy distribution of the signal among eigenvalues of the correlation matrix
I. Ya. Orlov - Dr.Sc. (Eng.), Professor of Radio Engineering Department, National Research Nizhny Novgorod State University n.a. N.I. Lobachevsky E-mail: orlov@rf.unn.ru E. S. Fitasov - Ph.D. (Eng.), Associate Professor of Radio Engineering Department, National Research Nizhny Novgorod State University n.a. N.I. Lobachevsky E-mail: fitasoves@mail.ru D. N. Ivlev - Ph.D. (Phys.-Math.), Associate Professor of Radio Engineering Department, National Research Nizhny Novgorod State University n.a. N.I. Lobachevsky E-mail: ivlev@rf.unn.ru S. A. Kozlov - Engineer of 1st category, JSC - Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering? E-mail: kozlsergei@yandex.ru
Standardization of indicators of non-equilibrium stability of cognitive systems
S.S. Antsyferov - Dr. Sc. (Eng.), Professor, Moscow Technological University (MIREA) E-mail: c_standard@fel.mirea.ru K.N. Fazilova - Post-graduate Student, Moscow Technological University (MIREA) E-mail: fazilova@mirea.ru K.E. Rusanov - Ph. D. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Moscow Technological University (MIREA) E-mail: c_standard@fel.mirea.ru
Matching radar images by the entropy of radar shadows of objects in the interests of two-pass interferometric survey

V.A. Kuznetsov¹, V.P. Likhachev², A.V. Unkovsky³

1-3 MESC AF «N.E. Zhukovsky and Y.A. Gagarin Air Force Academy»

Method of recognition of types of space objects based on a set of radio technical features taking into account the weighting coefficients

V.I. Gorbulin – Dr.Sc (Eng.), Professor, Mozhaysky Military Space Academy (St. Petersburg)

V.D. Diferenko – Dr.Sc (Eng.), Professor, Mozhaysky Military Space Academy (St. Petersburg)

S.V. Kulikov – Ph.D. (Eng.), Senior Lecturer, Mozhaysky Military Space Academy (St. Petersburg) R.A. Gudaev – Adjunct, Mozhaysky Military Space Academy (St. Petersburg)

E-mail: mrgudaev@mail.ru

M.T. Baldytchev – Adjunct, Cherepovets Higher Military Engineering School of Radio Electronics E-mail: cvviur2@mil.ru

Assessment of the masking properties of radio signals with use of measures of the theory of information

In article it is indicated a possibility of increase in noise immunity of radar stations by means of methods of electronic countermeasures. It is shown that for assessment of their efficiency entropy indicators can be used. Features of their application are shown and also what at the solution of a number of the private tasks connected with assessment of quality of counteraction of electronic intelligence devices their use can be insufficient. Therefore the purpose of work consists in definition of the auxiliary information and power indicator characterizing the masking properties of radio signals during creation from them an additive system. 

The process of measuring the parameters of the signals to be explored by the electronic intelligence devices is analyzed. The analysis is made from a position of the second law of thermodynamics. It is shown that in case of revenues to a reception part of the equipment of electronic intelligence of an additive system of the radio signals (masking and masked) there will be a loss of in-formation. On the basis of it and with application of theories of information, probabilities and mathematical statistics the auxiliary indicators (Kullback–Leibler divergence and spectrum entropy) for determination of the masking properties of radio signals allowing to solve various problems of assessment of quality of radio interferences, including connected with definition of a possibility of counteraction of radio engineering investigation to stations are offered. The conditions of application of the offered criteria are defined in the analysis of alarm processes in frequency area.

Thus in work application of auxiliary information and power indicators by means of which it is possible to solve various problems of assessment of quality of radio interferences including connected with definition of a possibility of counteraction electronic intelligence devices due to additive signals processes is offered.

An indicator of the effectiveness of the use of a mobile information group

S.A. Skachkov¹, O.N. Andreeva², I.L. Zhbanov³, I.E. Aleksanyan⁴, S.Kh. Ekshembiev⁵, V.V. Pyatkin

¹³⁴Vasilevsky Military Academy of Air Defense Forces RF (Smolensk, Russia),
²⁵JSC «Concern «Morinsys-Agat» (Moscow, Russia), ⁶RTU MIREA (Moscow, Russia)

Identification anomalies the time series of metrics of project based on entropy measures

I.A. Timina – Assistant, Department «Information Systems», Ulyanovsk State Technical University E-mail: i.timina@ulstu.ru

E.N. Egov – Assistant, Department «Information Systems», Ulyanovsk State Technical University

E-mail: kater73ru@rambler.ru

Yu.P. Egorov – Dr. Sc. (Eng.), Professor, Main Research Scientist, FRPC OJSC «RPA «Mars» (Ulyanovsk) E-mail: yupe@mail.ru

D.V. Yashin – Assistant, Department «Information Systems», Ulyanovsk State Technical University E-mail: dv.yashin@ulstu.ru

S.K. Kiselev – Dr. Sc. (Eng.), Professor, Head of Department «Measuring and Computing Systems», Ulyanovsk State

Technical University

E-mail: ksk@ulstu.ru

Acoustic information protection by method of intermodulation noise by means of nonlinear casual antennas

S.N. Panychev – Dr. Sc. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Leading Research Scientist, CSID JSC «STC of REW» (Voronezh) E-mail: pany4ev@mail.ru

V.M. Pitolin – Dr. Sc. (Eng.), Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Voronezh State Technical University E-mail: pitol@mail.ru

N.A. Samotsvet – Post-graduate Student, Department of Electric Drive, Automatic Equipment and Managements in Technical Systems, Voronezh State Technical University; Senior Research Scientist, CSID JSC «STC of REW» (Voronezh) E-mail: csir.ntc.reb@gmail.com

D.A. Samotsvet – Undergraduate, Department of Electric Drive, Automatic Equipment and Managements in Technical Systems, Voronezh State Technical University

E-mail: samdem@bk.ru

Optimization of two images mutual information estimation

G.L. Safina – Ph.D.(Eng.), Associate Professor, Department «Applied Mathematics», 

National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering

E-mail: minkinag@mail.ru

A.G. Tashlinsky – Dr.Sc.(Eng.), Professor, Head of Department «Radio Engineering»,  Ulyanovsk State Technical University

E-mail: tag@ulstu.ru

M.G. Tsarev – Post-graduate Student, Ulyanovsk State Technical University E-mail: michael.tsaryov@gmail.com

Image registration algorithm based on stochastic gradient optimisation of mutual information between images

A.G. Tashlinsky – Dr.Sc.(Eng.), Professor, Head of Department «Radio Engineering», Ulyanovsk State Technical University E-mail: tag@ulstu.ru

S.V. Voronov – Ph.D.(Eng.), Associate Professor, Department «Radio Engineering», Ulyanovsk State Technical University E-mail: valmedia@yandex.ru

A.V. Zhukova – Post-graduate Student, Ulyanovsk State Technical University E-mail: donskaya.alena@mail.ru

Modeling methods for the diagnostics of solid-state thermoelastic structures

V.B. Baiburin – Honored Scientist of RF, Dr.Sc.(Phys.-Math.), Professor, Head of Department «Information security of automated systems», Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov

E-mail: baiburinvb@rambler.ru

V.A. Kuznetsov – Dr.Sc.(Phys.-Math.), Professor, Department «Information security of automated systems»,  Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov

E-mail: kuznetsov.va1948@yandex.ru

S.L. Chernyshev – Dr.Sc.(Eng.), Professor, Department «Radio Electronic Systems and Devices», Bauman Moscow State Technical University

E-mail: chernshv@bmstu.ru

Fully polarization sensing and radar information management improvement

V.Yu. Pozdyshev – Dr. Sc. (Eng.), Head of Department, 

PJSC «Almaz-Antey» (Moscow)

E-mail: pozvalerij@yandex.ru

D.V. Golovanov – Ph.D. (Eng.), Head of Sector, 

PJSC «Radiofizika» (Moscow)

E-mail: golovanovdv@mail.ru

Study of the effectiveness of using polarization attributes to solve the problem of classification of radar objects

A.A. Kopylov – Post-graduate Student, 

Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University);

Engineer, PJSC «Radiofizika» (Moscow)

E-mail: kopylov@phystech.edu

E.G. Parinov – Post-graduate Student, 

Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University);

Engineer, PJSC «Radiofizika» (Moscow)

I.V. Zimin – Ph.D. (Eng.), Head of the Laboratory of Radiophysics and Satellite Communication, 

Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University)

Fractal model of data analysis in the practice of biomedical research

A.M. Nosovskii – Dr.Sc. (Biol.), Leading Research Scientist, State Centre of Science of the Russian Federation – Institute of Medical and Biologic Problems of the Russian Academy of Science (Moscow)

V.B. Rusanov – Ph.D. (Biol.), Leading Research Scientist, Head of Laboratory of Autonimic Regulation of Cardiovascular System, State Centre of Science of the Russian Federation – Institute of Medical and Biologic Problems of the Russian Academy of Science (Moscow)

L.H. Pastushkova – Dr.Sc. (Biol.), Leading Research Scientist, State Centre of Science of the Russian Federation – Institute of Medical and Biologic Problems of the Russian Academy of Science (Moscow)

A.G. Chernikova – Ph.D. (Biol.), Senior Research Scientist, State Centre of Science of the Russian Federation – Institute of Medical and Biologic Problems of the Russian Academy of Science (Moscow)

Information entropy as a measure of evaluating the effectiveness of information support systems in electronic warfare

P.A. Sozinov1, G.I. Andreev2, V.A. Tikhomirov3, M.E. Zamarin4

1 «Almaz-Antey» Corp. (Moscow, Russia)

2,4 JSC «Central Radio-Research Institute named after academician A.I. Berg» (Moscow, Russia)

3 JSC R&D production facility “Development of Innovative Technologies” (Moscow, Russia)