A.A. Pirogov1, A.V. Tyretsky2, M.V. Khoroshailova3, N.B. Uskova4

1-4 FSBEI of HE “Voronezh State Technical University” (Voronezh, Russia)

1 Pirogov.alx@gmail.com; 2 kipr@vorstu.ru; 3 pmv2205@mail.ru; 4 nat-uskova@mail.ru

Problem statement. Vortex waves carrying orbital angular momentum (OOM) provide an almost unlimited number of orthogonal states, which opens up new possibilities for high-speed data transmission and increasing the capacity of communication channels. However, the spiral phase front of such waves is extremely sensitive to external influences: in free space, atmospheric turbulence leads to strong distortion of the wavefront and coherence destruction, which causes crosstalk between neighboring OOM modes and dramatically reduces coding efficiency. At the same time, existing distortion compensation methods (for example, adaptive optics) require a long convergence time and are not always suitable for channels with rapidly changing conditions. In addition, traditional approaches to OUM coding, including the superposition of Laguerre Gauss modes, remain independent of the current state of the channel and lack adaptability, which limits their practical application. Thus, an urgent problem is the development of adaptive coding algorithms that use OAM as an additional degree of freedom and are capable of correcting distortions in real time and adjusting encoding parameters to changing propagation conditions.

Goal. The study of adaptive coding algorithms using orbital angular momentum as an additional degree of freedom to compensate for distortions caused by atmospheric turbulence and to increase the transmission rate, noise immunity and radio channel secrecy.

Results. The influence of atmospheric turbulence on the purity of OUM modes is analyzed. It is shown that the use of a convolutional neural network with an encoder-decoder architecture makes it possible to predict phase distortions and restore the original wavefront structure. As a result of the simulation, it was found that the use of the proposed adaptive algorithm increases the purity of the mode from 32.5% to 97.1%, which confirms the effectiveness of correction using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to compensate for turbulent disturbances in real time.

Pirogov A.A., Tyretsky A.V., Khoroshailova M.V., Uskova N.B. Analysis of adaptive coding algorithms using the orbital angular momentum as an additional degree of freedom // Radiotekhnika. 2026. V. 90. № 7. P. 35−39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j00338486-202607-06

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