A.A. Averin1, V.V. Antipov2, D.S. Gorkin3

1−3 Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation (Moscow, Troitsk, Russia)
1 averin@izmiran.ru, 2 vadim.v.antipov@gmail.com, 3 gorkin@izmiran.ru

Currently, the market of subsurface sounding devices is widely represented by ground penetrating radars of various manufacturers, producing both classic stroboscopic ground penetrating radars and deep pulse ground penetrating radars. And if for engineering surveys the advantage in resolving the size of objects belongs to classic ground penetrating radars, then during geological studies pulse ground penetrating radars begin to prevail, reaching depths of several hundred meters, naturally, the spatial resolution of objects and geological layers decreases. To compare the results of ground penetrating radar measurements, it was proposed to use a gently sloping bank of a freshwater reservoir. Profiling of one section of the western shore of Lake Baikal near the settlement of Listvyanka in the Irkutsk region on ice was carried out using several ground penetrating radars from different manufacturers with supplied standard antennas and transmitters. The "Sphere" ground penetrating radar was used with experimental transmitters with different amplitudes of the emitted signal from 5 to 100 kV. The length of resistively loaded dipole antennas was from 2 to 30 meters. Additionally, an experiment was conducted with multi-vibrator resistive-loaded dipole antennas, the experiment showed an increase in the amplitude of the received signal by 10 dB. Profiling was performed with antennas located in parallel, measurements were also taken with antennas located in series, the transmitter in front, the receiver behind, the distance between the antennas is equal to the length of one vibrator. A comparison of the obtained results of the characteristics of georadars from different manufacturers was made. The probing depth was recorded by the disappearance of the reflected signal from the boundary of the bottom and bottom sediments. The experiments showed the correctness of the assumption about the possibility of measuring the real probing depth of georadars by reflection from the flat bottom of a freshwater body. Depending on the emitted power, the received signal of different amplitudes was recorded, but the western shore of Lake Baikal in this area from a gentle slope rather quickly turns into a steep slope with an angle to the horizon of up to 70 degrees, as a result of which a critical angle of reflection of the emitted signal occurs at a bottom depth of about 12-14 meters, and regardless of the emitted power, the reflected signal is absent. Note that on the radargram of a gentle bottom, signal reflections are visible from layers significantly lower than 20 meters.

Averin A.A., Antipov V.V., Gorkin D.S. A method for comparing the parameters of GPR. Electromagnetic waves and electronic systems. 2024. V. 29. № 5. P. 71−75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j15604128-202405-11 (in Russian)

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