I.Yu. Eremeev1, V.V. Pechurin2, R.R. Saniev3

1−3 Military Space Academy named after A.F. Mozhaisky (Saint Petersburg, Russia)

The modern stage of science and technology is characterized by the development and mass use of technologies for various objects positioning. These technologies have found their implementation in the corresponding technical systems, the accuracy of which depends on the positioning method used. One of the main such methods used are angle of arrival and time difference of arrival positioning estimation. The choice of the method, as a rule, is determined by the cost of the technical system, and not by the positioning accuracy provided by them, which is different for the angle of arrival and time difference of arrival estimation methods. In the existing literature, the angle of arrival and time difference of arrival estimation methods are analyzed either separately, or the advantages and disadvantages of angle of arrival and time difference of arrival systems are given, and there is no comparative analysis of the positioning accuracy. In this regard, there is a need to compare the positioning accuracy of these estimation methods to determine the conditions for their use.

The accuracy of the angle of arrival and time difference of arrival positioning systems with a minimum number of receiving stations is compared. It is shown that the gain in the positioning accuracy of the angle of arrival and time difference of arrival positioning systems relative to each other depends on the base of the systems and the distance to the transmitting station. Therefore, the choice of the positioning estimation method depends on the specified parameters. With existing errors in measuring coordinate-informative parameters, it is best to use time difference of arrival systems with a large base. If there are restrictions on the size of the base, time difference of arrival systems are better used in the perpendicular direction and short distances to the transmitting station, and angle of arrival systems are better used in lateral directions or long distances to the transmitting station. The specific values of the system base for various conditions can be obtained from the graphs presented in the article.

The results obtained can be used in the development and construction of positioning systems. The correct choice of the estimation method implemented in them will improve the positioning accuracy.

Eremeev I.Yu., Pechurin V.V., Saniev R.R. Accuracy comparison of angle of arrival and time difference of arrival positioning systems with the minimum number of receiving stations. Electromagnetic waves and electronic systems. 2022. V. 27. № 4. P. 19−26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j15604128-202204-03 (in Russian)

1. GOST R ISO/MEK 24730-1-2017. Informatsionnye tekhnologii. Sistemy pozitsionirovaniya v realnom vremeni (RTLS). Chast 1. Prikladnoi programmnyi interfeis (API). Vved. 09.06.2017. M.: Standartinform. 2017. 17 s. (in Russian)
2. Kondratev V.S., Kotov A.F., Markov L.N. Mnogopozitsionnye radiotekhnicheskie sistemy. Pod red. prof. V.V. Tsvetnova. M.: Radio i svyaz. 1986. 264 s. (in Russian)
3. Grishin Yu.P., Ipatov V.P., Kazarinov Yu.M. i dr. Radiotekhnicheskie sistemy: uchebnik dlya vuzov po spets. «Radiotekhnika». Pod red. Yu.M. Kazarinova. M.: Vysshaya shkola. 1990. 496 s. (in Russian)
4. Sravnenie metodov opredeleniya geograficheskogo mestopolozheniya istochnika signala, osnovannykh na raznitse vo vremeni prikhoda i ugle prikhoda signalov: otchet MSE-R SM.2211-1 (06/2014). Upravlenie ispolzovaniem spektra. 2014. 32 s. (in Russian)
5. Pechurin V.V., Cheborat I.V., Pivkin I.G. Obespechenie minimalnoi pogreshnosti opredeleniya koordinat istochnikov radioizluchenii v nazemnykh raznostno-dalnomernykh sistemakh. Radiotekhnika. 2020. № 6(11). S. 69–76. (in Russian)
6. Pechurin V.V., Pechurin M.V., Kopichev O.A. Minimalnaya pogreshnost v uglomernykh sistemakh opredeleniya mestopolozheniya s dvumya priemnymi punktami. Elektromagnitnye volny i elektronnye sistemy. 2020. T. 25. № 6. S. 13–20. (in Russian)
7. Burdinskii I.N., Bezruchko F.V., Mironov A.S. Ispolzovanie OEM GPS-modulei v sistemakh vremennoi sinkhronizatsii. Vestnik TOGU. 2010. № 4(19). S. 33–40. (in Russian)
8. Rembovskii A.M., Ashikhmin A.V., Kozmin V.A. Avtomatizirovannye sistemy radiokontrolya i ikh komponenty. Pod red. A.M. Rembovskogo. M.: Goryachaya liniya – Telekom. 2018. 424 s. (in Russian)