E.A. Makaretskiy1, E.I. Minakov2, A.Yu. Ryzhov3, M.A. Vaganov4, S.A. Lagutin5

1,2,4,5 Tula State University (Tula, Russia)

3 LLC “Research and Production Association Real-Time Software Complexes” (Moscow, Russia)

1 makaretsky@mail.ru, 2 eminakov@bk.ru, 3 a.ryzhov@npo-pkrv.ru, 4 m.vaganov@npo-pkrv.ru, 5 serega-13l@mail.ru

Problem statement. Currently, there is an increased interest in using sonar to detect, measure, and identify UAVs. The methods used are based on the well-known principles of passive radar. However, there is a big difference in the characteristics of electrical and acoustic signals and the nature of their propagation in space. This requires, on the one hand, changing the functional circuits of systems and signal processing algorithms and, on the other hand, analyzing the sources of errors in acoustic systems. Goal. The purpose of this work is to analyze the errors in the location of acoustic signal sources caused by the peculiarities of acoustic wave propagation. Results. Mathematical models have been developed for estimating systematic errors in acoustic location due to the low speed of sound propagation in the atmosphere. The considered systematic errors significantly distort the measurement results, which may differ from the true values by 5... 15%. The systematic error of the triangulation method of measuring coordinates based on the serif bearings of the directions to the acoustic signal source using directional antennas can reach more than a hundred meters at a target speed of 50 m/s or more at a range of 1000 m. The systematic error for the correlation method of measuring direction can reach 5-10 m at ranges of 500-1000 m. Practical significance. The results obtained make it possible to estimate the achievable errors in measuring the coordinates of objects during sonification and to develop methods to reduce them. The work was carried out with the financial support of a Grant in the form of a research grant from the Committee on Science and Innovation of the Tula Region No. 15 dated June 21, 2024.

Makaretskiy E.A., Minakov E.I., Ryzhov A.Yu., Vaganov M.A., Lagutin S.A. Analysis of errors in the location of objects during acoustic location // Radioengineering. 2026. V. 90. № 9. P. 87−95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j00338486-202609-09

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