Р.В. Плотницкий1, Н.И. Абдуллина2, С.В. Пятницкая3, В.А. Солнцев4, В.А. Маркелов5, К.В. Данилко6

1–6 Институт фундаментальной медицины Башкирский государственный медицинский университет (г. Уфа, Россия)

1 plot.roma@yandex.ru, 2 abdullinanuri@gmail.com, 3 svpyatnickaya@bashgmu.ru, 4 vadim.solncev@inbox.ru, 5 marckelow.vitalick2017@yandex.ru, 6 kse-danilko@yandex.ru

Постановка проблемы. Дефекты суставного хряща являются медико-социальной проблемой, которая характеризуется ростом заболеваемости и инвалидизации у лиц трудоспособного возраста. Существующие способы восстановления поражённых суставов недостаточно эффективны и не имеют долгосрочного эффекта. На современном этапе разрабатываются новые подходы в терапии, направленные на достижение стойкого клинического эффекта, снижение травматичности и сокращение периода реабилитации после вмешательства.

Цель работы – обзор публикаций за последние 10 лет с исследованиями материалов, используемых в восстановлении повреждений суставного хряща, а также анализ положительных и отрицательных сторон материалов и методик, применяемых в клинической практике.

Результаты. Литературный поиск в базах данных PubMed, Google Scholar позволил выявить 67 публикаций, описывающих различные материалы, используемые в восстановлении повреждений суставного хряща. Все материалы распределены по принципу подхода к их созданию: клеточный подход, подход с использованием синтетических полимеров, подход с использованием полимеров природного происхождения. Также выявлены публикации, в которых исследуются комбинации найденных материалов и обсуждаются их свойства.

Практическая значимость. Показано, что наибольший потенциал имеют именно комбинации различных природных и синтетических материалов и клеточных технологий – за счет компенсации негативных характеристик отдельных материалов. Рассмотренные подходы в лечении и используемые материалы, которые уже применяются в клинике, непрерывно совершенствуются для усиления регенераторного эффекта.

Плотницкий Р.В., Абдуллина Н.И., Пятницкая С.В., Солнцев В.А., Маркелов В.А., Данилко К.В. Регенеративные технологии для терапии дефектов суставного хряща: обзор литературы // Технологии живых систем. 2025. T. 22. № 3. С. 74-85. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j20700997-202503-08

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