Н.В. Данилова1

1 Медицинский научно-образовательный центр, Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова (Москва, Россия)

Постановка проблемы. Рак желудка является одним из наиболее распространенных злокачественных новообразований человека. Канцерогенез представляет собой специфический процесс с прогредиентным накоплением мутаций в геноме клеток, приводящих к нарушению роста и дифференцировки клеток. Нарушения дифференцировки клеток желудка отражаются, в частности, в изменении экспрессии маркеров желудочной и кишечной дифференцировки, а от фенотипа опухоли могут зависеть ее клиническое поведение и прогноз выживаемости пациентов. Маркеры желудочной и кишечной дифференцировки (MUC2, MUC5AC, CD10 и CDX2) часто используются для определения принадлежности опухолей к кишечному или желудочному типу, однако их прогностическая роль и связь с клинико-морфологическими параметрами опухоли не определены до конца.

Цель работы – сбор и систематизация последних данных об экспрессии маркеров желудочной и кишечной дифференцировки в раке желудка.

Результаты. Систематизированы последние литературные данные о маркерах кишечной и желудочной дифференцировки: желудочный фенотип рака желудка имеет более благоприятные прогностические характеристики по сравнению с кишечным фенотипом; наиболее перспективными прогностическими маркерами являются CDX2 и MUC5AС.

Практическая значимость. Структурированная информация по маркерам желудочной и кишечной дифференцировки ускорит поиск новых прогностических и предиктивных маркеров для улучшения диагностики и лечения больных раком желудка.

Данилова Н.В. Экспрессия маркеров желудочной и кишечной дифференцировки в раке желудка: обзор литературы // Технологии живых систем. 2023. T. 20. № 1. С. 16-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j20700997-202301-02

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