А. V. Bogoslovsky1, S. N. Razinkov2
1, 2 MESC of Air Forces “N.Е. Zhukоvsky and Yu.А. Gаgаrin Air Force Academy” (Vоrоnеzh, Russia)

1 bogosandrej@yandex.ru, 2 razinkovsergey@rambler.ru

For automated control of unmanned aerial vehicles and their output to points of space with controlled standard deviations from specified coordinates, the use of high-precision positioning modules is required based on signals from global navigation satellite systems. In the interests of preserving the aerodynamic properties of air objects and eliminating irrational consumption of the resource of target loads, arrays of microstrip vibrators with small mass and size characteristics and structural shapes embedded in bearing surfaces are used as antenna systems of consumer navigation equipment. The methodological basis for designing antenna arrays is electro-dynamic analysis to establish relationships between design parameters and indicators of spatial-frequency selectivity of signal reception.

The purpose of the article is study of patterns of change in the directional pattern of the microstrip antenna array at various design parameters and electro-physical properties of the bearing surface.

In the interests of analyzing antenna arrays of high-precision positioning of airborne vehicles under boundary conditions of a full electric field on ideally conductive surfaces, an edge problem has been set for a system of microstrip vibrators with electromagnetic bonds caused by secondary electromagnetic radiation. Array substrate is made of dielectric material and arranged on infinitely thin flat metal screen of finite dimensions. When setting the edge problem, the effective dielectric constant of the excitation space has been found, determined by values of the dielectric constant, thickness of the layer of the substrate material and dimensions of micro-strip vibrators, and the receiving elements have been represented by equivalent perfectly conducting tubular electric vibrators. System of integral equations for fictitious axial currents of equivalent vibrators in approximation of wire structure and surface currents of infinitely thin metal screen has been obtained.

Complex amplitudes of currents in sampling points of vibrators and screen have been calculated on the basis of partial conversion of its operator by method of collocation at control of misalignment of boundary-value conditions of boundary problem. Using the distribution of antenna element currents recovered by summing up sequences of piecewise constant basis functions with weight coefficients in the form of found discrete values of complex amplitudes, the radiation pattern of the microstrip antenna array has been calculated. Laws of change of directional properties of receiving structure at various parameters of design and values of dielectric permeability of substrate material have been investigated.

On the basis of electrodynamic analysis, relationships of directivity pattern and design parameters of flat microstrip antenna array with substrate of finite dimensions, fixed on rectangular screen, have been established. The identified dependences of the directional properties of the receiving structure on the size of the array of antenna elements and the electro-physical characteristics of the carrier surface make it possible to substantiate the rational technical appearance of equipment with target positioning accuracy indicators based on signals from global navigation satellite systems.

Bogoslovsky А.V., Razinkov S.N. Electrodynamic analysis of microstrip antenna arrays of high-precision positioning of unmanned aerial vehicles. Antennas. 2026. № 1. P. 43–52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j03209601-202601-04 (in Russian)

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