A. L. Kozlov – Engineer of 2nd category,
JSC “VNIIEM” (Moscow)
V. F. Los’ – Ph.D. (Phys.-Math.), Senior Research Scientist, Leading Research Scientist,
JSC “Radio Engineering Corporation “Vega” (Moscow)
E-mail: mail@vega.su
S. S. Rozhkov – Engineer of 2nd category,
JSC “VNIIEM” (Moscow)
Yu. A. Sin’kov – Ph.D. (Eng.), Senior Research Scientist, Leading Research Scientist,
JSC “Radio Engineering Corporation “Vega” (Moscow)
Developing of a ultrawideband antennas is in agreement with recent trends in communications characterized by wide or multifrequency bands of operations. It is wanted that such antennas not only fulfilling these bandwidth requirements, but also to have simple feeding structure and be easy-for-production. There are different antennas, ultra-wideband radiation of which is based on a few principles: 1) traveling wave structures (antenna Vivaldi, dielectric rod antenna, horn antenna); 2) frequency-independent antennas (angular constant structure, described only by angles, biconical, bow-tie); 3) self-complementary antennas, in which metal can be replaced by dielectric and vice versa without changing its structure (truncated fractal antenna, spiral antenna); 4) multiple resonance antennas, which are combinations of many narrowband radiating elements (log-periodic and fractal antennas). Among like antennas the dipole antenna with additional matching elements being the shape of short dipoles in its centre is a good alternative. The using of such dipoles of the relevant length allowed to compensate the imaginary part of the principal dipole admittance and thus substantially enhanced of the antenna frequency bandwidth. Earlier on the basis of a such principle a dipole antenna with a bandwidth of 131% from 1,6 GHz up to 7,7 GHz according to the criterion of S11 < –10 dB has been developed. In the article a few new variants of ultrawideband dipole antennas with different forms of a principal and an additional shorter dipole have been developed. Simulation data of such their electrical characteristic, as voltage stand-wave ratio (VSWR), input admittance and radiation efficiency, have been studied. Knowledge of the input admittance over frequency band makes it possible to estimate the characteristic impedance of a feeder line, at which the antenna bandwidth might be wider. Numerical analysis, based on a finite integration in the time domain has been performed to analyze the twin-dipole radiation characteristics at 50-Ohm or 75-Ohm antenna feed. The simulation results for the better from investigated configurations have revealed that the twin-dipole is able to achieve a bandwidth of 146% from 1,25 up to 8,05 GHz with 50-Ohm feeder line, while for a twin-dipole with 75-Ohm feeder line bandwidth may achieve 152% from 1,25 up to 9,25 GHz according to the criterion of VSWR < 2. Investigated ultrawideband planar antennas, simple structure of which can be suitable for mass production by photolithographic may be recommended as good candidate to antennas of perspective information and communication systems.
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