G. R. Belyaev – Post-graduate Student,

Volga State University of Water Transport (Nizhny Novgorod)

E-mail: Welles16@yandex.ru

Nowadays, antennas and antenna elements are often made of metals. It is proposed to use carbon-based materials as stuff not only for antenna devices supporting elements, but also for their radio frequency components. Carbon composite materials have high strength with low weight, high temperature stability, corrosion resistance and long service life. Dipole antennas for 200, 530, 600 and 1040 MHz bands and horn antennas for 1,6 and 5 GHz bands have been made by different technologies and investigated in this work. The Zoltek Panex 35 (50K) brand carbon thread and fabric which made of this thread by 90 degrees interlacing were applied. Metal threaded parts and a non-conductive fluoroplastic inserts for applying the carbon composite material were prepared for the dipoles blanks manufacturing. The thread was applied to the non-conductive blanks parts in two ways: longitudinal laying and circular winding. Initially, the best conductivity along the filament was assumed. For antennas of 200 and 600 MHz bands fully metal reflectors were used and for antennas of 530 and 1040 MHz bands metal and carbon composite fabric made reflectors were used. Horn antennas were made of the similar carbon thread and fabric. An epoxy resin with the black fine powder graphene-like structures addition for the conductivity properties enhancing were used as a binder. Horn antennas were made by thread and fabric winding on preforms with the epoxygraph-binding impregnation. The preforms were removed after the binder solidified. Main radio frequency characteristics measurements were carried out in the anechoic chamber environment. Antennas with similar constructions, made of metal and powered by a high-frequency oscillator, were used as irradiators. The carbon composite antennas performance was estimated by such main parameters as standing wave ratio, relative gain, and radiation pattern. After measuring and results processing, it became clear that the carbon composite antennas are operational, and their basic electromagnetic parameters are close to their metal analogs parameters. Minor discrepancies are supposedly caused by obtained carbon composite antenna devices radiating surface imperfections and small geometric dimensions discrepancies because of high-tech vacuum molding equipment lack. The contact resistance presence in the carbon-composite to metal connections is promoting additional negative effect. It is proposed to achieve the highest possible carbon composite antenna devices characteristics by using the high-tech vacuum molding equipment in their manufacturing process and optimize the graphene-like structures concentration in epoxygraph-binding substance for maximum conductivity without antenna components strength loss.

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