V. A. Ufaev, А. В. Ufaev

Algorithms are designed and lapses of one and two target taking a bearings of ground radio waves with application of a system of two crossed the coil, a whip antenna and parallel acceptance are investigated. For a single-purpose condition algorithms of taking a bearing are obtained on the basis of a maximization of an angular spectrum of the first order and in an analytical view. Versions of ideal antennas and with amplitude-phase differences surveyed. For the latter estimations of a module and a phase of a complex factor of difference are obtained. Formulas of calculation of bearing errors are adduced. It is shown, that in lack of a phase shift of the non-directional channel algorithms ensure an equal lapse: in inverse proportion to a signal-to-noise ratio. At presence of such shift in the algorithms which are not taking into account a complex multiplier, a lapse will increase in inverse proportion to a cosine of a phase shift. For a case with amplitude-phase differences analytically and simulation the probability of a reliable estimation of a bearing estimated. At the arbitrary coal between axiss of frameworks the bearing error depends on a bearing, and the mean error is inversely proportional to a sine of a an angle. Simulation investigates effect of an interfering signal which reconciles in displacement of an estimation of a bearing of plant and the considerable root-mean-square error(RMSE) depending on angular distance between sources and a ratio of amplitudes of signals. For a dual-purpose condition algorithms of taking a bearing are grounded on a two-dimensional maximization of an angular spectrum of the second order. By simulation it is installed, that the multimodality of a spectrum that can reconcile in the abnormal errors occurs. In the field of a maxima the spectrum changes rather smoothly. It allows to execute primary calculation of an angular spectrum with a discretization about 10 degrees, with consequent step by step refinement in a neighbourhood of the previous quantum. At machining outcomes of experiments the determination of the affiliation of measurements of bearings to sources is offered for executing by criterion of a maximum probability. Research of limiting errors of taking a bearing has shown, that in the field of phase shifts a nil and 180 degrees arise the abnormal bearing errors. Displacement of estimations opposite for plant and a an interference al-so happens in a direction from an alternate source. The level of a lapse of bisignal taking a bearing in noises at equal signal amplitudes and and a signal-to-noise ratio 30 makes interferences about 12 degrees and 10 degrees at reduction of a level of a an interference twice. Formulas of determining of a two-dimensional spectrum are obtained on the basis of an average of mutual products of signals of antennas on set combination of realizations with consequent its one-time calculation. At two multiple average of a lapse are descended in 4 times and at an angular offset more than 90 degrees come nearer to potential for a case of taking a bearing of one signal. The article contains 11 figures, a list of the literature from 5 sources.