L.M. Saptarova1, E.A. Imelbaeva2, N.A. Mufazalova3, A.V. Tukhvatova4, A.F. Akhmetgaleeva5, A.R. Akhatova6, G.F. Shakirova7, F.S. Bilalov8, Sh.N. Galimov9

1–6, 9 Bashkir State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Ufa, Russia)

7 Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Bashkortostan (Ufa, Russia)

8 Republican Medical Genetic Center (Ufa, Russia)

1 saptarovaliliana@yandex.ru, 2 imelbaeva@mail.ru, 3 mufazalovanatalya@yandex.ru, 4 tuhbatovaav@yandex.ru, 5 aliya.akhmetgaleeva@mail.ru, 6 a.akhatova2017@yandex.ru, 7 ufa.rkod@doctorrb.ru, 8 bilalov@bk.ru, 9 sngalim@mail.ru

Anaphylatoxins are active fragments of the complement system (C3a, C4a, C5a). They have a wide range of physiological effects and participate in the regulation of inflammation and immune response. Anaphylatoxin homeostasis is important for assessing the general condition and adaptive capabilities of the body in malignant neoplasms. We conducted a study to identify violations in the system of anaphylatoxins С3а, С5а in patients with various stages of breast cancer.

The study was performed in 65 patients aged 25 to 67 years (44,5 [40,0 – 56,5]). Patients were divided into two groups: the first – with 1-2 stages, the second - with 3-4 stages of breast cancer (BC). The control group consisted of 15 healthy people who did not have cancer, aged from 29 to 66 years (51,0 [39,0-61,0]). The assessment of the significance of differences was determined by using the Kruskal-Wallis H-test. For multiple comparisons we used Dan's Q-test.

Breast cancer patients with stage 1-2 had more than a twofold increase in C3a levels (compared with the healthy group, p = 0.00048). In patients with stage 3-4, the C3a level was even higher and exceeded the same indicator in the "Healthy" group by more than 2.5 times (p = 0.00001). However, there were no statistically significant differences in the level of C3a between the groups of patients with 1-2 stages of breast cancer and 3-4 stages of breast cancer (p = 0.31936).

The level of C5a in patients with 1-2 stages of breast cancer did not differ from the “Healthy” group (p = 0.84301). In the group of patients with 3-4 stages of breast cancer, the level of C5a was higher than the same indicator in the "Healthy" by more than 30%, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.06841). At the same time, the level of C5a in patients with 3-4 breast cancer stages was statistically significantly higher than the same indicator in patients with 1-2 breast cancer stages (p = 0.00058).

The established changes in the content of anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a in the blood of breast cancer patients at different stages can serve as a basis for developing approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Saptarova L.M., Imelbaeva E.A., Mufazalova N.A., Tukhbatova A.V., Akhmetgaleeva A.F., Akhatova A.R., Shakirova G.F., Bilalov F.S., Galimov Sh.N. The content of anaphylatoxins in the blood of patients with various stages of breast cancer. Technologies of Living Systems. 2026. V. 23. № 3. Р. 17-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j20700997-202603-02 (In Russian).

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