N.E. Kushlinskii1, A.A. Alferov2, Yu.B. Kuzmin3, P.L. Prishchep4, I.S. Chernomaz5, N.Yu. Sokolov6, I.N. Kuznetsov7, I.S. Stilidi8

1,2,4-6,8 N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Moscow, Russia)

3,7 Russian University of Medicine of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Moscow, Russia)

1 kne3108@gmail.com, 2 aleksandr.alferov@yahoo.com, 3 yriikuzmin@yandex.com, 4 Paulig92@mail.ru, 5 marvel2602@mail.ru, 6 strivp@mail.ru, 7 npkredo@yandex.ru, 8 ronc@list.ru

Primary bone tumors are rare and heterogeneous malignant neoplasms characterized by an aggressive clinical course, low sensitivity to drug therapy, and a poor prognosis. It is an undeniable fact that in patients with bone sarcomas, disturbances in molecular biological processes, including antitumor immunity, underlie cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis. It is believed that immunotherapy may be a potentially promising treatment for various malignant tumors, including bone sarcomas. At the same time, immune checkpoints (ICPs) play an important role in the regulation of antitumor immunity in cancer patients, and among them the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling system, which includes the programmed cell death protein 1 receptor (PD-1) and its ligands (PD-L1, PD-L2).

The purpose of the work is to analyze the significance of immune checkpoints and their soluble forms in cancer. This review presents literature data and our own research results on various CTIs for bone tumors. They are not unambiguous, and sometimes extremely contradictory, but most of them indicate their importance in assessing the clinical course and prognosis of the disease, which indicates the prospects of the modern direction of research on immunotherapy of primary bone tumors.

Currently, the first results have been obtained on the study of CTI in patients with bone tumors, which indicate the prospects for immunotherapy of these diseases.

Kushlinskii N.E., Alferov A.A., Kuzmin Yu.B., Prishchep P.L., Chernomaz I.S., Sokolov N.Yu., Kuznetsov I.N., Stilidi I.S. Immune checkpoints and their soluble forms in bone tumors. Technologies of Living Systems. 2024. V. 21. № 3. Р. 7-36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j20700997-202403-03 (In Russian).

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