A.L. Kulikov - Dr. Sc. (Eng.), Professor, Department of «Electric power engineering, electricity supply and power electronics», Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev E-mail: inventor61@mail.ru V.V. Ananyev - Post-graduate Student, Department of «Electric power engineering, electricity supply and power electronics», Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev E-mail: an-vitek@ya.ru V.Yu. Vukolov - Ph. D. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Department of «Electric power engineering, electricity supply and power electronics», Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev E-mail: vvucolov@mail.ru

The article investigates the possibilities of improving the accuracy of travelling wave fault location (hereinafter TWFL) of transmission lines through the use of methods of radio navigation, along with widely used to determine the location of objects of different nature and based on space-time algorithms of signal processing. The authors justified that through the use of methods of radio navigation, redundancy of the obtained electronic information can be used to improve the accuracy of radio navigation measurements, given the spatial position of objects. During the work the algorithm of calculation of double-ended TWFL was analyzed subject to the dependence of wave propagation velocity from the distance from the injury site. However, this algorithm does not apply to overhead lines with branches. In the presence of line branches (taps) or intermediate substations it is possible to place the TWFL devices at all (or multiple) ends of the line. This technical solution together with the special algorithms based on the navigation methods not only improves the reliability and validity of the TWFL results, but significantly improves the distance calculation accuracy to the transmission lines fault. During the research the following methods of TWFL were considered: 1. Pseudo-range method. The advantage of this method is that it does not impose severe restrictions on the means of measuring the time of arrival of the waves and allows sequential updating. 2. Difference range method. The error of this method (in percentage of line length) is 2 times lower than the double-ended TWFL method. But there are small areas where the difference rangefinder method TWFL is slightly inferior in accuracy to the traditional bi-lateral method. 3. Differential correction method. It was concluded that the error of TWFL when using the principle of differential decreases with in-creasing distance from the end of the line branch to the substation and the fault location. At the same time, the more overhead branches, the better the estimate of the propagation velocity of the electromagnetic wave. It is shown that through the use of redundant information is achieved by increasing the precision of the multilateral TWFL, refinement of the propagation velocity of the electromagnetic wave and the decrease of the error of estimating distance to fault transmission lines. The results of the study were tested on simulation models of the transmission line. TWFL navigation methods have higher accuracy of mea-surements (2−5 times) in comparison with double-ended TWFL method. Thus the computational complexity of the methods, as well as the costs of their implementation when used in electrical networks the equipment differ slightly. The selection one or combination of TWFL algorithms based on the navigation methods depends on the design of the transmission line and fault position. However, a prelimi-nary assessment of the effectiveness of TWFL methods appropriate to implement with the use of simulation.

 

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