A.V. Kharlanov1, D.S. Zamtreuli2, T.S. Kharlanova3

1–3 Volgograd State Technical University (Volgograd, Russia)

1 harlanov_av@mail.ru, 2 dim111190@mail.ru, 3 harlanova.ts@yandex.ru

The use of dielectrics with complex dielectric permittivity in radio engineering systems, on the one hand, leads to a deterioration in the characteristics of such systems due to losses of electromagnetic energy for heating, but, on the other hand, allows the use of previously unused physical phenomena. One of these phenomena, which is still rarely used in radiophysics, is the thermoacoustic effect – the excitation of acoustic oscillations of a medium caused by its periodic heating and cooling. Areas that are unevenly heated by electromagnetic radiation can be considered as a source of acoustic oscillations in radio engineering systems. The purpose of the article is to calculate the heating of a waveguide filled with a dielectric with nonzero conductivity in statics and dynamics when electromagnetic waves propagate through it, as well as the calculation of heating and cooling of the waveguide under the influence of a pulsed wave. Waveguides of the centimeter range were considered, and the parameters of water and aqueous solutions were used as a dielectric filler. It is shown that in the one-dimensional case, the heating is proportional to the intensity of the electromagnetic wave entering the input and has an order of magnitude of several tenths of a Kelvin at an intensity of about 100 W/m2. The greater the losses in the dielectric, the faster the waveguide heats up, the higher the coefficient of external heat transfer, the faster the equilibrium temperature is established and the more high-frequency acoustic oscillations can be excited. When the heating source of the waveguide is turned on in the form of a decreasing electromagnetic wave, a strong temperature increase is observed at the beginning of the waveguide, where the electromagnetic field is maximum. Heating to several degrees Kelvin was observed. Then, due to the large temperature gradient, heat outflow occurred from the beginning of the waveguide, the temperature distribution became more uniform, the maximum temperature decreased and shifted a few millimeters from the beginning of the waveguide. Since the heating and cooling rates and, as a result, the frequency and intensity of acoustic oscillations depend on the properties of dielectrics, the processes under consideration can be used to determine their mechanical and electrical parameters. The use of thermoacoustic effects of electromagnetic waves in biomedical applications is also promising.

Kharlanov A.V., Zamtreuli D.S., Kharlanova T.S. One-dimensional heating model of closed and open waveguides. Electromagnetic waves and electronic systems. 2026. V. 31. № 1. P. 86−96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j15604128-202601-07 (in Russian)

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