G.N. Sсherbakov1, A.V. Rychkov2, S.R. Bogati3, M.V. Uzhitsin4

1–3 UNTS SV "OVA of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation" (Moscow, Russia)

4 FGBU "3 Central Research Institute" of the Russian Ministry of Defense (Moscow, Russia)

3 bogati93@gmail.com

In the light of the dynamic development of the modern aviation industry, unmanned aerial vehicles demonstrate exceptional importance as an advanced area of technological progress. Among the variety of classification categories of UAVs, the mini-UAV segment deserves special attention, demonstrating quantitative superiority over other types of aircraft of this class. The availability of the component base, combined with ease of operation, led to their large-scale implementation in military tactical operations, where they convincingly demonstrated their operational effectiveness. In these circumstances, the creation of integrated detection systems for mini-UAVs is becoming a critically important task of our time, since unmanned vehicles can be used for illegal activities and for unauthorized information collection, covert surveillance and intelligence operations in a wide variety of fields. The article discusses the optimal parameters of a two-channel target sensor, providing detection of low-flying small-sized unmanned aerial vehicles. The sensor contains a passive acoustic and an active radar channel correlated with each other. The results of an experiment to identify this relationship using an unmanned aerial vehicle are presented. Creation of an autonomous target sensor, which makes it possible to reliably detect low-flying small targets at altitudes up to 100 meters. The theoretical calculation of the transmitter power based on the specified target parameters showed the minimum power consumption in units of fractions of watts. Experimentally, it was found that the low-frequency components of the acoustic signal spectrum and the "propeller" modulation signal coincided (with an accuracy of 3–5%) in the frequency range of 200–300 Hz. As a result of the experiment, with a decrease in the frequency of rotation of the UAV propellers, the frequencies of the spectrum decreased, and with an increase they increased. The data obtained will serve as the basis for further research on the creation of an autonomous target sensor, which makes it possible to reliably detect low-flying small targets at an altitude of up to 100 meters.

Sсherbakov G.N., Rychkov A.V., Bogati S.R., Uzhitsin M.V. Determination of optimal parameters of the target sensor of the device for detecting low-flying unmanned aerial vehicles of small size. Electromagnetic waves and electronic systems. 2025. V. 30. № 3. P. 41−47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j15604128-202503-06 (in Russian)

1. Khmarov I.M. Method of Determination of an Effective Cross Section of the Flying Objects with Taking into Account the Actual Condition. Radioengineering. 2010. № 11. P. 79–84. (in Russian)
2. Parnes M. Calculation of the effective scattering surface of small objects. Microwave electronics. 2017. № 2(3). P. 62–64. (in Russian)
3. Ritchie M., Fioranelli F., Griffiths H., Torvik B. Micro-drone RCS analysis. IEEE Radar Conference. Johannesburg, South Africa. 2015. P. 452–456. DOI 10.1109/RadarConf.2015.7411926.
4. Bystrov N.E., Zhukova I.N., Kunetz N.A., Reganov V.M., Chebotarev S.D. Compact X/L-band radar for miniature UAV detection and tracking. Bulletin of the Novgorod State University. 2019. № 4(116). P. 65–71. DOI 10.34680/2076-8052.2019.4(116).65-71. (in Russian)
5. Ananenkov A.E., Marin D.V., Nuzhdin V.M., Rastorguev V.V., Sokolov P.V. To the question of small-sized UAVs surveillance. Proceedings of MAI. 2016. № 91. P. 19. (in Russian)
6. Filkinstein M.I. Fundamentals of radar. Moscow: Soviet Radio. 1973. 496 p. (in Russian)
7. Patent for the invention RUS198365 dated 02.07.2020. Device for destroying low-flying unmanned aerial vehicles. Shcherbakov G.N., Antselevich M.A., Rychkov A.V., Kravtsov A.V., Uzhitsin M.V., Efremov I.A., Bogati S.R. (in Russian)
8. Shcherbakov G.N., Rychkov A.V., Uzhitsin M.V., Egorshev G.M. To the question of creating a counter-action device small low-flying UAV. Strategic stability. 2021. № 1(94). P. 88–90. (in Russian)
9. Frantskevich V.S., Dorogokupets A.S. Research of acoustic characteristics radial fan. Proceedings of BSTU. Series 2: Chemical technologies, biotechnology, geoecology. 2017. № 2(199). P. 215–219. (in Russian)