S.V. Kozlov1, E.A. Spirina2, E.A. Nemtsev3, A.A. Spirina4

1–4 Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev – KAI (Kazan, Russia)

1 SVkozlov@kai.ru, 2 EASpirina@kai.ru, 3 Egor.nemtcev.04@mail.ru, 4 Nastya_Sp_05@mail.ru

Currently, modern networks LTE, Wi-Fi, 5GNR are combined into a single heterogeneous network, which leads to an increase in intra-system interference. According to the integrated optimization method, to distribute data flows in a heterogeneous network, taking into account the intra-system interference influence, the collective dynamic routing method is used. At the analysis stage of this method it is necessary to estimate the channel data rate in all valid routes. To obtain correct channel data rates estimates, it is necessary to reliably estimate the channel matrix. Today, the ray tracing model is widely used to estimate the channel matrix. The verification results of the using ray tracing model given in [1] show the need for additional research to increase the channel matrix estimates reliability. Therefore increasing the reliability of channel matrix transmission coefficients estimates by analyzing the influence of the number of rays taken into account is the actual task.

The work analyzes the influence of the number of rays taken into account on the reliability of estimating the complex transmission coefficients of the channel matrix for the cases of the presence and absence of line of sight be-tween the transmitter and the receiver. Expressions are obtained to take into account the influence of diffracted, singly reflected and passed through an obstacle rays. A program has been developed to find all possible rays arriving at the receiver location point and determine their parameters based on a digital 3D map indicating the map objects materials. Using the developed program, it is shown that taking into account the influence of additional rays makes it possible to increase the channel matrix estimation reliability, and therefore, the modified ray tracing model can be used to estimate channel data rates when applying the collective dynamic routing method in heterogeneous net-works.

Kozlov S.V., Spirina E.A., Nemtsev E.A., Spirina A.A. Communication channel parameters estimation using a ray tracing model in heterogeneous networks. Electromagnetic waves and electronic systems. 2024. V. 29. № 4. P. 54−67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/ j15604128-202404-05 (in Russian)

1. Ziganshin A.A., Kozlov S.V., Spirina E.A. Assessing the Effectiveness of the Ray Tracing Model in Planning MIMO Systems. Systems of Signal Synchronization, Generating and Processing in Telecommunications. 2021. P. 9488404. DOI 10.1109/SYNCHROINFO51390. 2021.9488404.
2. Lerner I.М., Fayzullin R.R., Khairullin А.N., Shushpanov D.V., Il’in V.I., Ryabov I.V. Specify capacity increasing as a fundamental problem of communication theory. Strategy development in the post-Shannon era. Part 1. Retrospective review of methods for receiving and processing signals in frequency-selective communication channels at data transfer rates faster than Nyquist rate. Achievements of Modern Radioelectronics. 2023. V. 77. № 1. P. 37–50. DOI 10.18127/j20700784-202301-02. (in Russian)
3. Lerner I.М., Fayzullin R.R., Khairullin А.N., Shushpanov D.V., Il’in V.I., Ryabov I.V. Specify capacity increasing as a fundamental problem of communication theory. Strategy development in the post-Shannon era. Part 2. Retrospective review of methods for receiving and processing signals in frequency-selective communication channels in the presence of ISI. Achievements of Modern Radioelectronics. 2023. V. 77. № 2. P. 16–33. DOI 10.18127/j20700784-202302-02. (in Russian)
4. Lerner I.М., Fayzullin R.R., Shushpanov D.V., Il’in V.I., Ryabov I.V., Khairullin А.N. Specify capacity increasing as a fundamental problem of communication theory. Strategy development in the post-Shannon era. Part 3. Retrospective review of methods for capacity estimating of frequency-selective communication channels in the presence of ISI and using PSK-n and APSK-N-signal. Achievements of Modern Radioelectronics. 2023. V. 77. № 3. P. 24–33. DOI 10.18127/j20700784-202303-02. (in Russian)
5. Lerner I.M., Fayzullin R.R., Ryabov I.V. High performance algorithm for capacity estimation of communication channels functioning on the basis of resolution time theory. Radiotekhnika. 2022. V. 86. № 4. P. 91–109. DOI 10.18127/j00338486-202204-13. (in Russian)
6. Kozlov S., Spirina E. Novel Modification of Integrated Optimization Method for Sensor’s Communication in Wi‑Fi Public Networks. Sensors. 2024. V. 24. № 5. P. 1395. DOI 10.3390/s24051395.
7. Chen L., Liu W., Gong D., Chen Y. Clustering and Routing Optimization Algorithm for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks. International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing. 2020. P. 407–411. DOI 10.1109/IWCMC48107.2020.9148576.
8. Spirina E.A., Kozlov S.V., Bukharina A.A. Traffic model in heterogeneous networks based on experimental data. Radiotekhnika. 2024. V. 88. № 1. P. 92−110. DOI 10.18127/j00338486-202401-09. (In Russian)
9. Xu W., Zhou H., Bi Y., Cheng N., Shen X., Thanayankizil L., Bai F. Exploiting Hotspot-2.0 for Traffic Offloading in Mobile Networks. IEEE Network. 2018. V. 32. № 5. P. 131–137. DOI 10.1109/MNET.2017.1700058.
10. Spirina E.A. Optimization of information distribution in fixed broadband radio access networks taking into account intra-system interference. Journal of Radio Electronics. 2015. № 9. P. 10. (In Russian)
11. Patent for the invention RUS2784656 dated 29.11.2022. A method of joint dynamic routing in a communication network with packet transmission of messages / Kozlov S.V., Spirina E.A. (In Russian)
12. Kanthimathi M., Kavitha C. Improved performance by ICI Cancellation in MIMO-OFDM system. International Conference on Signal Processing, Communication, Computing and Networking Technologies. 2011. P. 111–115. DOI 10.1109/ICSCCN.2011.6024525.
13. Kozlov S.V. Method for Estimating Data Rate in MIMO Channels of Wi-Fi Communication Networks. Systems of Signal Synchronization, Generating and Processing in Telecommunications. 2021. P. 9488375. DOI 10.1109/SYNCHROINFO51390.2021.9488375.
14. Recommendation ITU-R P.1238-12. Data on the propagation of radio waves and forecasting methods for planning indoor radio communication systems and local zone radio networks in the frequency range 300 MHz – 450 GHz. [Electronic resource] – Access mode: https://www.itu.int/dms_pubrec/itu-r/rec/p/R-REC-P.1238-12-202308-I !!PDF-R.pdf, date of reference 23.04.2024. (In Russian)
15. Recommendation ITU-R P.526-15. Propagation of radio waves due to diffraction. [Electronic resource] – Access mode: https://www.itu.int/dms_pubrec/itu-r/rec/p/R-REC-P.526-15-201910-I!!PDF-R.pdf, date of reference 23.04.2024. (In Russian)
16. Recommendation ITU-R P.2040-2. The influence of building materials and structures on the propagation of radio waves at frequencies above about 100 MHz. [Electronic resource] – Access mode: https://www.itu.int/dms_pubrec/itu-r/rec/p/R-REC-P.2040-2-202109-S!!PDF-R.pdf, date of reference 23.04.2024. (In Russian)
17. Certificate of state registration of the computer program No. 2019663931 dated 25.10.2019. The NetMAPEditor program / Kozlov S.V., Spirina E.A. (In Russian)