A.V. Kharlanov1, T.S. Kharlanova2

1,2 Volgograd State Technical University (Volgograd, Russia)

The interaction of electromagnetic waves with matter and various formations is of practical interest in various fields of science and technology. The interaction of harmonic vibrations and waves with matter is the most widely studied. Recently, the study of the effects of electromagnetic pulses on environments and artificial and natural formations has become increasingly interesting. From the point of view of the interaction of pulsed waves with resonators, the excitation of their electromagnetic oscillations is an important issue. When considering waveguides, the issues of dispersion and signal spreading come to the fore. Since the sizes, shapes and types of resonators and waveguides are not limited, only open spherical resonators and open cylindrical waveguides will be considered in the article. This is due to the relative simplicity and practical value of these passive elements, since a spherical dielectric resonator in the first approximation is a biological cell, and arteries and veins can be considered cylindrical dielectric waveguides. And as numerous modern publications show, radio pulses in the biological and medical application of electromagnetic waves are more effective than a harmonic signal. The purpose of the article is to consider the fields excited in a spherical open resonator by a pulse signal applied to a radial dipole outside the resonator, as well as the spreading of a radio pulse in an open cylindrical waveguide. Analytical expressions were found for the fields created by an electric dipole. The dipole oscillations were represented as a Gaussian pulse and as a periodic sequence of rectangular pulses. It is shown that the radio pulse excites vibrations in an open resonator that coincide in shape with the pulse at low radiation quality. With an increase in the frequency of oscillations of the dipole, the Q-factor increases, since the energy loss to radiation decreases. With a large radiation Q-factor, the rise of the pulse corresponds to the forcing signal, and the decline turns out to be practically indistinguishable from the signal form. In open waveguides, the signal is blurring, and the blurring is greater the shorter the pulse. The periodic sequence of rectangular radio pulses is destroyed. The considered questions can be useful when considering the impact of pulse signals on artificial and natural passive elements for technical and medical purposes.

Kharlanov A.V., Kharlanova T.S. Interaction of an electromagnetic pulse with passive elements. Electromagnetic waves and electronic systems. 2023. V. 28. № 4. P. 5−14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j15604128-202304-01 (in Russian)

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