V.E. Drach – Ph.D.(Eng.), Associate Professor,  Department «Design and manufacturing of electronic equipment», Kaluga branch of the Bauman MSTU E-mail: drach@bmstu-kaluga.ru

A.V. Rodionov – Ph.D.(Eng.), Associate Professor,  Department «Information Systems and Networks», Kaluga branch of the Bauman MSTU

E-mail: andviro@gmail.com

A.I. Chukhraeva – Student, 

Department «Organization and Management of Production», Kaluga branch of the Bauman MSTU

E-mail: hhxpk@mail.ru

Nowadays, it is a demanded task to simulate the behavior of electromagnetic waves, as they interact with complex biological human tissues. This study is aimed to model the spread of electromagnetic fields in the human head due to the radiation of a cell phone, and the study of the impact of the SAR, the analysis of the electrical properties of the human head and the influence of the location of the cell phone. Discussed the theoretical physical and mathematical model of spreading of the electromagnetic field in complex structure of the human tissues. The Ansys HFSS software was used as a modeling tool, since it’s well suited to modelling of spreading of electromagnetic waves through obstacles and allows for high degree of correlation of modeled and experimental results. A high-detail virtual model of the human head, represented by four layers, was used. The effect at frequencies of 900 MHz and 1800 MHz is considered. Using modeling software spreading of electromagnetic field in human tissues was plotted on graphs representing human head. As a key parameter was chosen a degree of absorption of the field on different frequences. The difference in the degree of absorption was compared with regard of different distances and phone antennae angle. Maximum values are presented in table. Recommendations based on the modeling results are provided to users of cellular networks and equpment.

Currently, the cell phone has become an integral part of the life of a modern person, which is due to its compact size and impressive functionality. The widespread and widespread use of this type of mobile transceiver devices has led to questions about the possible harm to human health, in particular, concerns about the effects of radiation on the human brain, as the antennas of such phones are located close to the head during operation. That is why the urgent task is to simulate the behavior of electromagnetic waves, as they interact with complex tissues of the human body at radio frequencies. To assess the impact of the behavior of electromagnetic waves on a person’s head, a three-layer model was constructed and the values of the specific absorption rate at frequencies of 900 and 1800 MHz were calculated depending on the distance of the cellular phone to the person’s head. For approximation of a cell phone, a dipole antenna was chosen, without taking into account the influence of the body, since the type of its radiation pattern facilitates the orientation of the head model relative to the antenna. As a result of the research we can draw the following conclusions: the region with high absorption values is small and close to the point where the antenna is located; in most parts of the head, the electromagnetic field is relatively small; with frequency dependence of equivalent conductivity and dielectric constant, the highest specific absorption rate is higher at 1,800 MHz, and not at 900 MHz. With increasing distance from the antenna, the value of the specific absorption rate decreases, which is in good agreement with the literature. Thus, important parameters affecting the specific absorption rate in the head of a person exposed to cell phone radiation were: the working frequency of the phone and the distance between the head and the antenna of the cell phone. The maximum specific absorption rate increases as the operating frequency increases, but it will decrease if the antenna of the phone begins to move away from the human head. Thus, in order to reduce the impact of high-frequency electromagnetic radiation on biological tissues, users can be recommended to use a headset or turn on the phone's loudspeaker during a call.

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