A.V. Aksenov - Design Engineer, JSC «Typhoon» (Kaluga). E-mail: an.aksionov2014@yandex.ru V.E. Drach - Ph. D. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Department «Design and manufacturing of electronic equipment», Kaluga branch of the Bauman MSTU. E-mail: drach@kaluga.org N.V. Samburov - Head of Laboratory, JSC «Typhoon» (Kaluga). E-mail: samburovn@gmail.com I.V. Chukhraev - Ph. D. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Head of Department «Computer systems and networks», Kaluga branch of the Bauman MSTU. E-mail: igor.chukhraev@mail.ru

The design of active phased array antenna (APAA) includes the calculation of the direct power losses and the losses associated with errors of beam forming. In the relevant literature, it is widely discussed the issues of external interaction: impedance matching of the individual antenna elements, «blinding» of the antenna array, etc. Usually, the internal interactions of the APAA are being omitted due to use of dividers with separated inputs or various directional couplers. However, even spurious noises above, associated with the operation of the microwave paths in mixed mode, lead to decreasing of the sensitivity of the antenna. There is a method of noise calculation for scanning APAA, based on the influence of the main sources of internal noises of APAA on its sensitivity. To determine the sensitivity of APAA, one must calculate the output noise temperature (or spectral density of power of the noise at the load). The calculated value of APAA noise is significantly higher than the PAA one, due to the presence of the receiving amplifier. This eliminates the possibility of comparative analysis, for example, for quality factors of APAA and aperture antenna by a single parameter. In this study, we offer to use the value of the signal-to-noise ratio normalized to the value of the non-deflected beam of carrier fre-quency. The noise was evaluated for all possible scan planes: E and H plane (what is important for modern wide-angle APAAs) and D plane in reception mode. As the object of study, we have selected a broadband antenna array. Matching features were found by the electrodynamic simulation of a radiator as part of an infinite array. Edge effects were found to be weak, therefore could be neglected. As the input data, the typical values for the modern channelizing devices and for transceiver modules of decimeter wavelength range were used.

 

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