N.N. Potrakhov1, V.B. Bessonov2, K.K. Guk3, Yu.N. Potrakhov4

1–4 SPbGETU "LETI" (St. Petersburg, Russia)
1 nnpotrahov@etu.ru, 2 vbbtsonov@etu.ru, 3 kkguk@etu.ru, 4 iunpotrakhov@etu.ru

A significant contribution to the total annual dose of medical radiation of the population of the Russian Federation is due to the implementation of X-ray diagnostic studies in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. The main method of obtaining X-ray images of individual teeth and jaw sections is intraoral contact X-ray photography, carried out using so-called tube dental devices. In order to reduce the radiation load on the patient, microfocus X-ray photography can be considered as an alternative to contact photography. For its implementation, microfocus X-ray devices are used, the focal spot size of which, compared to tube dental devices, is reduced to several tens of micrometers. Under the conditions of microfocus X-ray photography, the dimensions, weight and energy consumption of the X-ray machine are fundamentally reduced, and most importantly, the exposure dose of X-ray radiation per image. In this case, the X-ray laboratory technician can perform dental imaging of the patient located directly in the dental chair without using a traditional tripod, holding the device with his hands. Based on this approach, domestic mobile microfocus radiographic units have been developed, which also allow for direct diagnostics of removed bone or soft tissue fragments of the maxillofacial region during surgery, for example, to assess the purity of the resection margin from residual seeding with carcinogenic cells. The results obtained indicate the creation of a new class of technical means in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery - portable X-ray machines and mobile X-ray units.

Potrakhov N.N., Bessonov V.B., Guk K.K., Potrakhov Yu.N. Modern domestic technical means of radiological diagnostics in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. Biomedicine Radioengineering. 2025. V. 28. № 6. P. 44–50. DOI: https:// doi.org/10.18127/j15604136-202506-05 (In Russian)

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