Ga.G.Akchurin1, Ge.G.Akchurin2, V.Yu. Maksimov3

1,2 Saratov National Research State University n.a. N.G. Chernyshevsky (Saratov, Russia)
1,2 Federal Research Center «Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences» (Saratov, Russia)
3 Center for Laser Vision Correction and Microsurgery, Saratov, Russia
1 akchuringg@mail.ru, 2 buhanka@list.ru, 3 maximov_vu@mail.ru

The laser method for determining retinal visual acuity existing in ophthalmology can only measure the spatial macular structure only for the «red»photoreceptor cells of the human retina. However, its capabilities are limited in cases of color vision pathology and the presence of cataracts. Relevant for optical and neurophysiological information technologies is the spatial resolution of the photoreceptor matrix of the retina, consisting of cones that absorb in the red, green and blue regions of the visible spectrum, as well as problems of spatial resolution in the presence of opacification of the lens and cornea. Diagnosis of such processes is a universal human problem, which determines the relevance of this study. Target. Study of the maximum spatial resolution of a normal human eye when detecting coherent electromagnetic radiation in the visible range and in the presence of color vision pathology. Results. A method has been tested for determining the spectral retinal visual acuity of a person by probing photoreceptor «blue», «green» and «red» cones under laser irradiation with a spatially tunable system of interference fringes created by a tunable Jamin interferometer. For the first time, an important physiological fact has been experimentally established that the density of “colored” photoreceptor cells in the central field of vision of a person, which is no more than one millimeter in diameter, is uniform, in contrast to peripheral vision. Practical significance. The proposed method makes it possible to study retinal visual acuity in pathologies of color vision, the presence of cataracts, and is independent of the refractive properties of the cornea and lens.

Akchurin Ga.G., Akchurin Ge.G., Maksimov V.Yu. RGB laser method for determining human retinal visual acuity. Biomedicine Radioengineering. 2023. V. 26. № 6. P. 53–59. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.18127/j15604136-202306-07 (In Russian)

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