E.A. Yumatov1, N.A. Karatygin2, E.N. Dudnik3, O.S Glazachev4, A.I. Filipchenko5, L.T. Sushkova6, R.V. Isakov7, V.A. Al-Haidri8, S.S. Pertsov9

1,2,9 P.K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, RAS (Moscow, Russia)

3–5 I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Moscow, Russia)

6–8 A.G. and N.G. Stoletovs Vladimir State University (Vladimir, Russia)

The brain has a memory, i.e. a unique ability to memorize and reproduce information. Memory mechanisms consist of perception, memorization, storage and subsequent reproduction of information.

Based on numerous studies, only the neurophysiological mechanisms of perception, memorization and storage of information in the brain are disclosed, which include neurochemical and molecular processes. At the same time, the key mechanisms for extracting information from memory are still completely unknown. The problem is that the extraction of information from memory occurs in the subjective, mental sphere of brain activity, which was not available for study by existing neurophysiological methods.

In recent years, progressive wavelet transforms based electroencephalogram (EEG) methods have been developed. Using the mathematical wavelet transform based EEG method, we established the fundamental possibility of objective recording of the mental activity of the human brain, which opened the prospect of revealing the mechanisms for extracting information from memory.

The overall goal of this study is to develop a fundamentally new information technology to identify mechanisms of memory reproduction in the mental activity of the brain by means of the wavelet transform based EEG. To solve this problem, an experimental model and software have been developed, which allows testing information extraction from human memory with simultaneous registration of EEG in 10 derivations.

During the tests, an image with a question or just a question appears on the monitor screen in front of the subject. The subject must give a mental answer to the question.

A comparative analysis of all files with EEG recording was carried out using wavelet transform methods for two mental states of the subject's brain: the presence of information extraction (recollection) from memory or lack of memory.

These studies provide objective indicators of the mental activity of the brain, reflecting the process of recalling from memory. The study shows the fundamental possibility of reliably identifying the process of remembering in the mental activity of the brain of people when mentally answering a question. Significant differences with continuous wavelet EEG transformation were revealed in subjects who remembered and did not give an answer to a question in different test intervals: in the awareness of the question and in the mental response, and in different leads. At the same time, the most significant differences between the ability of the brain to reproduce the correct mental response and the absence of it were manifested in the beta EEG in the occipital lead O1 (p-level=0.002).

The data obtained show that on the basis of continuous wavelet analysis of the EEG, it is possible to reveal the process of extracting information from memory in the mental activity of the brain.

This allows us to make an important conclusion that the mental activity that characterizes the memory has a real neurophysiological basis and can be studied by objective methods.

Disclosure of the mechanisms of mental activity of the brain, including memory, is a fundamental general biological, urgent problem of science, the solution of which opens up wide opportunities for the development and practical use of fundamentally new information technologies.

Yumatov E.A., Karatygin N.A., Dudnik E.N., Glazachev O.S., Filipchenko A.I., Sushkova L.T., Isakov R.V., Al-Haidri V.A., Pertsov S.S. Memory (recollection) manifestation in electroencephalogram based on wavelet transforms. Biomedicine Radioengineering. 2021. V. 24. № 6. Р. 37−45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j15604136-202106-04 (In Russian)

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