S.A. Nerushay - Applicant of Science Degree, Bauman Moscow State Tecchnical University E-mail: sergey@nerushay.com

The paper describes a tendency in the development of engineering science, the tendency which led to the new technological dis-cipline - Systems Engineering. Systems Engineering is a complex area of technology and engineering science, the field which focuses on how to design and manage complex technical systems over their life cycles. At its core systems engineering utilizes systems thinking principles to organize this body of knowledge. Systems Engineering began to evolve as a branch of engineering during the late 1950's. During this time both the race to space and the race to develop missiles with nuclear warheads were considered absolutely essential for national survival. However, Systems Engineering can be also traced back to many other complex engineering problems of the 20th century, for example, problems related to radar systems. The historical presumption with regard to Systems Engineering was the formation of engineering science as an independent field of research. Engineering science arose on the base of natural sciences and mathematics. However it would be a mistake to treat them as applied science only. Engineering discipline aims to solve its specific problems - the problem of construction and optimization of specific engineering objects - motors, mechanisms, machines. The next step on the path of Systems Engineering is the trend toward the internal integration of engineering knowledge. An important step here is cybernetics, "the scientific study of control and communication in the animal and the machine" (Norbert Wiener) together with the general theory of systems. Cybernetics stepped across Wiener's definition and became the general study of the circulation of information in controlled systems. Together with the general theory of systems cybernetics prepared ontology, which became heuristics and the point of reference for Systems Engineering.

 

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