V.V. Khrenkova - Ph.D. (Biol.), Associate Professor, SEI HPE RSMU of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Rostov-on-don, Russia. E-mail:vvkhrenkova@gmail.com L.V. Abakumova - Ph.D. (Biol.), Associate Professor, SEI HPE RSMU of the Ministry of health of Russia, Rostov-on-don, Russia. E-mail: alara2008@mail.ru G.S. Gafiyatullina - Dr.Sc. (Med.), Professor, SEI HPE RSMU of the Ministry of health of Russia, Rostov-on-don, Russia. E-mail:vvkhrenkova@gmail.com

The aim of this work was to evaluate the successfulness of adaptation of foreign students from the preparatory faculty according to the indicators of heart rate variability (HRV). At the beginning of the school year 75 students from Asia, Africa, Latin America and Europe (19 girls and 56 boys), with the average age 20.1 ± 0,2 years were examined. According to the results of the elec-trocardiographic research the indices of heart HRVwere evaluated. We revealed the significant gender differences (Mann-Whitney U-test) of the types ratio of heart rhythm, of the functional state (FS), which was determined by the duration of RR-intervals and their quadratic mean deviation, some spectral characteristics (TP, HF, HFnorm) and indexes (LF/HF and CI). It turned out that 28.0% of boyshad normocardia, 33,9% of boys and 47,4% of girls had normocardia with heart rate above average, 16.1% of boys and 21.2% of girls had sinus tachycardia, 16.1% of young men, 26.3% of girls had normocardia with heart rate below average, 10.7% of boys and 5.2% girls had sinus bradycardia. Only 15.8% of girls and 1.8% of boys had the normal structure of the heart rhythm spectrum. It should be noted that 15.8% of girls and 5.4% of boys had a significant prevalence of HF-waves that indicates the predominance of autonomic regulation. 36% of the girls and 63.5% of young men had a prevalent share of LF-waves in the spectrum, which is an indicator of the vascular tone regulation intensification by nonspecific mechanisms. The optimal and close to optimal level of the functional state was detected by 39.2% of boys and 15.8% of girls, 30.4% of boys and 26, 3% of girls had an acceptable level, 17.9% of boys and 31.6% of girls had a maximum acceptable, 5.4% for boys and 5.3% of girls had negative and 7.1% of boys and 21.0% of girls had a critical one. Thus, the vast majority of the surveyed in the initial stages of studying had the defects of heart rate variability indicators from physiological norm that signifies a tension of the adaptive mechanisms probably caused by the change of lifestyle, new language environment, and intensive studying.

 

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2. KHrenkova V.V., Abakumova L.V., Lysenko A.V., Barshajj V.M., Roginskaja A.A., Karsakova A.A., ZHuravleva M.V. Variacionnaja kardiointervalometrija kak metod ehkspress-ocenki funkcionalnogo sostojanija studentov s raznym urovnem dvigatelnojj aktivnosti // Fundamentalnye issledovanija. 2014. № 11(5). S. 1090-1093.
3. KHrenkova V.V., Mostovaja E.P., Lobanova I.JU., Sokolova E.E., Karchava SH.K., Abakumova L.V. Vlijanie sistematicheskikh zanjatijj fizicheskojj kulturojj i sportom na organizm starsheklassnic // Sb. Fizicheskaja kultura, sport, zdorove i dolgoletie: osnovy priobshhenija podrastajushhego pokolenija k idealam i cennostjam olimpizma. 2014. S. 277-282.