O.E. Backsanskiy - Dr.Sc. (Philos.), Professor, Leading Research Scientist, Philosophy Institute of RAS, Moscow, Russia. E-mail: obucks@mail.ru

The review of modern researches in the theory of knowledge is executed, the new interdisciplinary direction setting as the purpose research of biological prerequisites of human knowledge and an explanation of his features on the basis of the modern synthetic theory of evolution and philosophy of science of M. Polanyi is considered. The main concrete scientific basis and prerequisite for the evolutionary theory of knowledge is the modern theory of evolution, and the determining factor is the desire to give the evolutionary approach of universal significance. However, the modern theory of evo-lution is, although the main, but not the only concrete scientific basis and premise of the evolutionary theory of knowledge. Rather, it is the basis for interdisciplinary synthesis, which is included in the mass of concrete scientific knowledge of biology, ethology, phys-ics, psychology, physiology, anthropology, linguistics and so on.

 

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