A.U. Kalabin - Ph. D. (Politics), Leading Research Scientist, Scientific and Technical Center of Scientific and Industrial Holding «InformInvestGroup» (Moscow). E-mail: psy-res@yandex.ru

The paper presents a study, in the history of creation and evolution of the polygraph as a dual-purpose instrument, that can be used both to take medical physiological and psychophysiological measurements and as a lie detector. On the basis of publications «Specialitäten Physiologischer Apparate» (1893) by Rudolf Rothe and «Ueber einen verbesserten Polygraphen» (1881) by Prof. Knoll the author shows that the fixed notion that «the first polygraph was made by John A. Larson in 1921 in USA» is mistaken. It was a German engineer Rudolf Rothe who constructed the first device that simultaneously registered signals from two different physiological systems. A modernized model of Rothe's polygraph was offered to medical clinics by 1881 and it's functionality somewhat exceeded Larson's device. The author appreciates the efforts of the administration and staff of Max Planck Institute for the History of Science that has digitized and published archival publications, and thanks its owner Rand B. Evans.

 

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