Т.V. Yemelianova - Ph.D. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Leading Research Scientist Institute of Medical and Biological Research named after M.V. Lomonosov, Arkhangelsk. E-mail: arapova82@mail.ru L.V. Sokolova Dr.Sc. (Biol.), Professor, Institute of Medical and Biological Research named after M.V. Lomonosov, Arkhangelsk. E-mail: l.sokolova@narfu.ru I.S. Biriukov - Junior Research Scientist, Institute of Medical and Biological Research named after M.V. Lomonosov, Arkhangelsk. E-mail: bis4937@mail.ru

The article presents the results of a study of the integrative activity of the brain (based on the indicators of the correlation dimension of alpha-band EEG) in the elderly with different productivity reading. The study involved 65 elderly (60 - 64 years) who were born in the Arkhangelsk region. Surveyed people was characterized by the absence of detectable somatic and mental diseases. Assessment of the productivity of reading skills was performed using the methodology V. A. Borodina, S. M. Borodin (2013). EEG acquisition was performed on a system GES-300 (USA). Data processing was performed using the statistical software package «SPSS 22.0 for Windows». According to the results of the cluster analysis people were divided into two groups. The first group, comprising 30 people, with significantly high productivity of reading in comparison with the second group, which included 35 people. According to the results of the fractal analysis, the elderly of the first group in the state of rest characterized significantly high indicators correlation dimension of alpha-band EEG in occipital, parietal areas of the right and left hemispheres, as well as the parietal-temporal-occipital area of the left hemisphere. These data indicate that in the state of rest, the brain of older people with high productivity of reading streamlined activating effects on the cortex from the reticular formation. This allows to organize brain areas in a single neural system, ready for processing. In the process of reading the text, surveyed of the first group showed significantly high indices of fractal dimension of oscillatory alpha-band in frontal, TPO area of the left hemisphere, occipital regions of the right and left hemispheres. The increase in the correlation dimension of the alpha range in those areas of the left hemisphere and occipital regions of both hemispheres may be evidence of the formation of ordered functional system, which is the physiological basis of the automated reading process. In the automated reading, which we observed in the first group, the operation sound analysis and synthesis curtailed in time, and the reading becomes a recognition of the meaning of words and even entire phrases. At rest, the brain of elderly with high productivity reading is characterized by structured neural ensembles in ready functional system including right and left postcentral areas. When partial loss of reading skills, turning it into a detailed activity that was observed in the second group, cell ensembles and at rest and during reading is characterized by stochasticity

 

1. SHepovalnikov A.N., Ciceroshin M.N. Analiz prostranstvenno-vremennojj organizacii EHEHG: put k poznaniju nejjrofiziologicheskikh mekhanizmov integrativnojj dejatelnosti mozga // ZHurnal vysshejj nervnojj dejatelnosti im. I.P. Pavlova. 2007. T. 57 (6). S. 663-672.
2. Pulvermüller F., Garagnani M., Wennekers T. Thinking in circuits: toward neurobiological explanation in cognitive neuroscience // Biological Cybernetics. 2014. V. 108. № 5. P. 573-593.
3. Turovskijj JA.A. Vydelenie komponentov signala ehlektroehncefalogrammy na osnove analiza cepochek lokalnykh ehkstremumov matricy vejjvlet-preobrazovanija // Biomedecinskaja radioehlektronika. 2014. № 3. S. 9-15. http://www.radiotec.ru/ catalog.php-cat=jr17&itm= 2013-3.
4. Balagula JU.M. Fraktalnyjj analiz cen na ehlektroehnergiju // Materialy 5-jj ezhegodnojj konferencii EUSPb i EHMI RAN «Sovremennye podkhody k issledovaniju i modelirovaniju v ehkonomike, finansakh i biznese». Sankt-Peterburg. 15-16 aprelja. 2011. S. 1719.
5. Dik O.E., Svjatogor I.A., Ishinova V.A., Nozdrachev A.D. Fraktalnye kharakteristiki funkcionalnogo sostojanija mozga u pacientov s trevozhno-fobicheskimi rasstrojjstvami // Fiziologija cheloveka. 2012. T. 28. № 3. C. 30-36.
6. Bazanova O.M., Mernaja E.M., SHtark M.B. Bioupravlenie v psikhomotornom obuchenii: ehlektrofiziologicheskoe obosnovanie // Rossijjskijj fizologicheskijj zhurnal im I.M. Sechenova. 2008. № 4(5). S. 539-556.
7. Borodina V.A., Borodin S.M. Monitoring kachestva chtenija v obrazovanii // CHelovek chitajushhijj: Homo legens. 2013. № 5. S. 185-197.
8. EHjjdukajjtis A., JAcenko M.V. Korreljacionnaja razmernost v analize EHEHG // Sb. tezisov dokladov Pervojj Nacionalnojj Konferencii «Informacionno-vychislitelnye tekhnologii v reshenii fundamentalnykh nauchnykh problem i prikladnykh zadach khimii, biologii, farmacevtiki, mediciny». M.: Nauchnyjj i uchebn.-metodich. centr. 2000. C. 157-158.
9. Ivanickijj G.A., Nikolaev A.M., Ivanickijj A.R. Vzaimodejjstvie lobnojj i levojj temenno-visochnojj kory pri verbalnom myshlenii // Fiziologija cheloveka. 2002. T. 28. №1. S. 5-11.
10. Tkacheva L.O. Psikhofiziologicheskie pokazateli osoznanija smysla korotkikh dramaticheskikh tekstov // Vestnik Tjumenskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2013. № 9. S. 228-237.