L.A. Mayorova - Ph.D.(Med.), Research Scientist, Laboratory of applied physiology of human higher nervous activity, Institute of higher nervous activity and neurophysiology of RAS, Moscow; Centre of speech pathology and neurorehabilitation (Moscow) A. G. Petrushevsky - Radiologist, Centre of speech pathology and neurorehabilitation O.N. Fedina - Radiologist, Centre of speech pathology and neurorehabilitation

The mismatch negativity (MMN) ? the component of evoked response potentials (ERP) with the peak latency of 150-250 ms - occurs in response to rare "deviant" stimuli presented in the sequence of the "standard" (odd-ball-paradigm). The task-independence makes MMN as invaluable indicator of auditory perception in normal subjects and in number of neurological and psychiatry diseases. However, use of the ERP for the diagnosis in the clinic is limited to their uncertain localization, arising from the spread of the electrical signal when recording EEG from the scalp. This problem can be solved by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The aim of this study was to develop a technique for recording mismatch negativity (MMN) adapted to functional MRI and suitable for clinical studies. We took the standard sequence of odd-ball stimuli presentation mode used in the electrophysiological studies and divided it into blocks. Each block of paradigm contained 10 auditory stimuli. Syllables [ba] was used as a "standard" and [pa] - as "deviant" (with a frequency of 20% in a single block). In 1/3 of sequences 2of 10 stimuli were "deviant", in another 1/3 blocks all 10 stimuli were only "standard", the last third of the blocks used to measure baseline activation without presenting any sounds. As a \"standard\" and \"deviant\" stimuli the syllables of Russian opposition phonemes [ba] and [pa] (pronounced by female voice, aligned along the main formants of the same duration (340 ms) and volume (85 dB) were used. The blocks were presented in random order. The developed paradigm approved on 25 right-handed healthy subjects (12 men, 13 women) in fMRI conditions. The fMRI equivalent of mismatch negativity in passive response to speech phonemes - the syllables \"ba\" and \"pa\" ? in the odd-ball paradigm was registered. The active areas in the right and left supratemporal gyri (STG), as well as in the right frontal and parietal lobes corresponded to MMN contrast. The STG-s activation was right lateralized as well as in the whole MMN activation pattern. This obtained in the present study pattern of activation consistent with the concept of MMN networking. The developed passive odd-ball-paradigm adapted to fMRI reveals activation regions with available representations of generators MMN and can thus be used in experimental and clinical purposes.

 

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