A.F. Kryachko1, I.E. Morozov2, V.V. Lantsov3

1–3 Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation (St. Petersburg, Russia)

3 FSUE «GosNIIPP» (St. Petersburg, Russia)

1 alex_k34.ru@mail.ru

The article is focused on developing the formation of the unimodal solving function of correlation-extreme navigation systems of aerial vehicles in conditions of influence of perspective distortions on the current image and using the current image of the visibility surface with large number of available objects. This allows to increase the possibility of localization of binding object (BO) in the current image (CI) by at least 8% and to ensure the unimodality of the solving function (SF) in comparison with the navigation system with the classic correlation algorithm of image comparison, to ensure the high interference immunity of the navigation system and to define the direction for further system improvement.

The most important tasks include the delivery of cargo, medicines, essential supplies to remote, inaccessible areas, areas suffering from natural disasters, fulfilment of tasks in conditions where the capabilities of crews of mobile vehicles (aircraft), operators of unmanned vehicles are limited. Among known navigation systems the most widespread are accessible and user-friendly satellite navigation systems (SNS), which include existing NAVSTAR (USA), GLONASS (Russia), BEIDOU (China), and promising GALILEO (European Union), IRNSS (India). For the majority of ground mobile objects in the Arctic region, navigation receivers are most often used, which are currently quite simple to manufacture and use, compact and cheap. They ensure that the accuracy of object location is acceptable for decision-making by human operators and do not require user authorisation. Modern mobile devices provide the ability to receive signals of two or even three satellite navigation systems, most often it is NAVSTAR, GLONASS, BEIDOU. However, in difficult weather conditions of high latitudes, with a weak satellite signal, the ability to determine coordinates can be difficult. Therefore, correlation-extreme navigation systems require their development.

Development of a method for UAV tethering using CESN in an emerging environment false objects in the current image. The application of the method and algorithm of the CESN solver function formation based on the adaptation of reference images to perspective distortions allows to form a unimodal solver function under the conditions of using the sighting surface with normal object saturation. The developed methods and mathematical models are the basis for the development and design of CESN, the use of which allows to increase the probability of UAV positioning compared to the navigation system, in which the influence of geometric distortions of primary processing, as well as the presence of false objects is not taken into account in the formation of the solving function.

Kryachko A.F., Morozov I.E., Lantsov V.V. Calculation of the crucial function of the optoelectronic navigation system of an unmanned aerial vehicle. Achievements of modern radioelectronics. 2025. V. 79. № 8. P. 46–58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j20700784-202508-05 [in Russian]

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