Ways of equipment protection for users of satellite radio navigation systems from deliberate interference

E.A. Kamnev; V.N. Yudin

Ways of equipment protection for users of satellite radio navigation systems from deliberate interference

E.A. Kamnev¹, V.N. Yudin²

research article Pages: 13-25

¹ Post-graduate Student, Department 405, Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI)
² Dr. Sc. (Eng.), Professor, Department 405, Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI)

Keywords: satellite radionavigation system user equipment jamming noise interference spoofing anti-jamming

Abstract

Satellite navigation systems are widely used in a variety of civilian and military applications. There are specific requirements for the op-eration of user equipment of satellite radionavigation systems in conditions of jamming. The article provides a classification of jamming to user equipment of satellite radionavigation systems. Jamming can be divided into four main groups: noise, blinding, spoofing (meacon-ing) and distorting. Finally, authors provide an overview of existing ways to protect user equipment from jamming of various kinds.

How to cite

Камнев Е.А., Юдин В.Н. Способы защиты аппаратуры потребителей спутниковых радионавигационных систем от преднамеренных помех // Наукоемкие технологии. 2015. № 8. С. 13–25.

References

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Mark L. Psiaki, Brady W. O-Hanlon Civilian GPS Spoofing Detection based on Dual-Receiver Correlation of Military Signals // Preprint from ION GNSS 2011. CornellUniversity. Ithaca. N.Y. 14853-7501. U.S.A. P. 1−27.
Humphreys T.E., B.M. Ledvina, M.L. Psiaki, B.W. O\'Hanlon and P.M. Kintner Assessing the Spoofing Threat: Development of a Portable GPS Civilian Spoofer // Proc. of ION GNSS 21st International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division. September 16−19. 2008. Savannah. GA. P. 2314−2325.
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Jafarnia-Jahromi A., T. Lin, A. Broumandan, J. Nielsen and G. Lachapelle Detection and Mitigation of Spoofing Attacks on a Vector Based Tracking GPS Receiver // Proc. of International Technical Meeting of the Institute of Navigation (ION ITM 2012). 30 January-1 February. 2012. NewportBeach. CA. P. 790−800.
Humphreys T.E., B.M. Ledvina, M.L. Psiaki, B.W. O\'Hanlon and P.M. Kintner Assessing the Spoofing Threat: Development of a Portable GPS Civilian Spoofer // Proc. of ION GNSS 21st International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division. September 16−19. 2008. Savannah. GA. P. 2314−2325.
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[2] URL: http://www.irz.ru [EHlektronnyjj resurs], dostup: svobodnyjj (data obrashhenija 31.05.2015 g.).

[3] Dragalin M.I. Prognozirovanie kriticheskikh situacijj pri funkcionirovanii apparatury potrebitelejj sputnikovykh radionavigacionnykh sistem v uslovijakh dejjstvija prednamerennykh pomekh / Dis. - kand. tekhn. nauk. M.: 2003. 05.12.14. 191 s. RGB OD. 61 03-5/3133-6.

[4] JUdin V.N., Nosov N.V. Pomekhoustojjchivost sputnikovojj radionavigacionnojj sistemy po otnosheniju k pomekham vnutrisistemnogo tipa // Vestnik moskovskogo aviacionnogo instituta. 2010.T. 17. № 6. S. 120−124.

[5] Perov A.I. Sintez optimalnogo algoritma obrabotki signalov v priemnikakh sputnikovojj navigacii pri vozdejjstvii garmonicheskojj pomekhi // Radiotekhnika. 2005. № 7.S. 36−42. (Radiosistemy).

[6] Djatlov A.P., Djatlov P.A., Kulbikajan B.KH. Radioehlektronnaja borba so sputnikovymi radionavigacionnymi sistemami. M.: Radio i svjaz. 2004. 226 s.

[7] Perov A.I., Boldenkov E.N., Bakitko R.V. Analiz vlijanija vnutrisistemnykh pomekh na apparaturu potrebitelejj sputnikovykh radionavigacionnykh sistem // Radiotekhnika. 2009. № 1. S. 20−28.

[8] URL: http://www.spirent.com [EHlektronnyjj resurs], dostup: svobodnyjj (data obrashhenija 31.05.2015 g.).

[9] Dobykin V.D., Kuprijanov A.I., Ponomarev V.G., SHustov L.N. Radioehlektronnaja borba. Cifrovoe zapominanie i vosproizvedenie radiosignalov i ehlektromagnitnykh voln. M.: Vuzovskaja kniga. 2009. 360 s.

[10] Perunov JU.M., Fomichev K.I., JUdin L.M. Radioehlektronnoe podavlenie informacionnykh kanalov sistem upravlenija oruzhiem. M.: Radiotekhnika. 2003. 416 s.

[11] URLhttp://nvs-gnss.ru/products/test-equipment/item/57-gps-glonass-repiter.html [EHlektronnyjj resurs], dostup: svobodnyjj (data obrashhenija 31.05.2015 g.).

[12] Povaljaev E., KHutornojj S. Sistemy sputnikovojj navigacii GLONASS i GPS. CHast 3. Borba s mnogoluchevostju // Inzhenernaja ehlektronika. 2002. № 2(65). S. 23−30.

[13] Tikhonov V.I., KHarisov V.N. Statisticheskijj analiz i sintez radiotekhnicheskikh ustrojjstv i sistem. M.: Radio i svjaz. 1991.

[14] Malogabaritnaja adaptivnaja antennaja reshetka [EHlektronnyjj resurs]. URL: http://www.vniir-progress.ru/upload/gnss.pdf dostup: svobodnyjj (data obrashhenija 31.05.2015 g.).

[15] Perov A.I., Boldenkov E.N. Issledovanie adaptivnykh transversalnykh filtrov priemnikov sputnikovojj navigacii pri vozdejjstvii uzkopolosnykh pomekh // Radiotekhnika. 2006. № 7. S. 98−105.

[16] Bakitko R.V., Polshhikov V.P., SHilov A.I., KHackelevich JA.D., Boldenkov E.N. Ispolzovanie vesovykh funkcijj dlja predvaritelnojj obrabotki shumopodobnykh signalov pri nalichii silnykh interferencionnykh pomekh // Radiotekhnika. 2006. № 6. S. 13−17.

[17] Jay R.Sklar Interference Mitigation Approaches for the Global Positioning System // Lincoln laboratory journal. 2003. V. 14. № 2. P. 168−180.

[18] Funkcionalnoe dopolnenie k GNSS GLONASS na osnove psevdosputnikov dlja obespechenija tochnojj posadki vozdushnykh sudov i reshenija specialnykh zadach. URL: http://www.vedapro.ru/files/GPS2.pps [EHlektronnyjj resurs]. dostup: svobodnyjj (data obrashhenija 31.05.2015 g.).

[19] Akos D.M. Who-s Afraid of the Spoofer - GPS/GNSS Spoofing Detection via Automatic Gain Control (AGC) // Journal of Navigation. 2012. V. 59. № 4. Winter. InstituteofNavigation. P. 281−290.

[20] Dehghanian V., J. Nielsenand G. Lachapelle. GNSS Spoofing Detection Based on Receiver C/No Estimates // Proc. of the 25th International Technical Meeting of The Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS 2012). September 17−21. 2012. Nashville. TN. P. 2878−2884.

[21] Ali Jafarnia-Jahromi, Ali Broumandan, John Nielsen and Gerard Lachapelle. GPS Vulnerability to Spoofing Threats and a Review of Antispoofing Techniques // International Journal of Navigation and Observation. 2012.V. 2012. ArticleID 127072. 16 p.

[22] Wen H.,P.Y. Huang, J. Dyer, A. Archinaland J. Fagan. Countermeasures for GPS Signal Spoofing // Proc. of ION GNSS 18th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division. September 13−16. 2005. LongBeach. CA. P. 1285−1295.

[23] Zhang Z., M. Trinkle, L. Qian and H. Li. QuickestdetectionofGPSspoofingattack // 2012 IEEEMilitaryCommunicationsConference. Oct 29−Nov1. 2012. Orlando. FL. P. 1−6.

[24] Nielsen J., G. Lachapelle and A. Broumandan. Method and System for Detecting GNSS Spoofing Signals. U.S. Patent№ 7,952,519 B1. 2010.

[25] Montgomery P.Y., Humphreys T.E., LedvinaB.M. Receiver-Autonomous Spoofing Detection: Experimental Results of a Multi-antenna Receiver Defense Against a Portable Civil GPS Spoofer // Proc. of ION ITM 2009. Jan 26−28. 2009.Anaheim. CA. P. 124−130.

[26] Daneshmand S., A. Jafarnia-Jahromi, A. Broumandan and G. Lachapelle A Low-Complexity GPS Anti-Spoofing Method Using a Multi-Antenna Array // Proc. of the 25th International Technical Meeting of The Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS 2012). 17−21 September. 2012. NashvilleTN. 11 p.

[27] Nielsen J., A. Broumandan and G. Lachapelle GNSS Spoofing Detection for Single Antenna Handheld Receivers // Journal of Navigation. 2011. V. 58. № 4. Winter. P. 335−344.

[28] Swaszek P.F., R.J. Hartnett, M.V. Kempe and G.W. Johnson Analysis of a Simple, Multi-Receiver GPS Spoof Detector // Proc. of the 2013 International Technical Meeting of The Institute of Navigation. Jan. 29−27. 2013. SanDiego. CA. P. 884−892.

[29] Mark L. Psiaki, Brady W. O-Hanlon Civilian GPS Spoofing Detection based on Dual-Receiver Correlation of Military Signals // Preprint from ION GNSS 2011. CornellUniversity. Ithaca. N.Y. 14853-7501. U.S.A. P. 1−27.

[30] Humphreys T.E., B.M. Ledvina, M.L. Psiaki, B.W. O\'Hanlon and P.M. Kintner Assessing the Spoofing Threat: Development of a Portable GPS Civilian Spoofer // Proc. of ION GNSS 21st International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division. September 16−19. 2008. Savannah. GA. P. 2314−2325.

[31] Jafarnia A. GNSS Signal Authenticity Verification in the Presence of Structural Interference // PhD Thesis, Report № 20385. DepartmentofGeomaticsEngineering. UniversityofCalgary. 2013. 202 p.

[32] Jafarnia-Jahromi A., T. Lin, A. Broumandan, J. Nielsen and G. Lachapelle Detection and Mitigation of Spoofing Attacks on a Vector Based Tracking GPS Receiver // Proc. of International Technical Meeting of the Institute of Navigation (ION ITM 2012). 30 January-1 February. 2012. NewportBeach. CA. P. 790−800.

[33] Humphreys T.E., B.M. Ledvina, M.L. Psiaki, B.W. O\'Hanlon and P.M. Kintner Assessing the Spoofing Threat: Development of a Portable GPS Civilian Spoofer // Proc. of ION GNSS 21st International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division. September 16−19. 2008. Savannah. GA. P. 2314−2325.

[34] B.M. Ledvina, W.J. Bencze, B. Galushaand I. Miller An in-line anti-spoofing device for legacy civil GPS receivers // Proc. of the Institute of Navigation International Technical Meeting (ITM - 10). SanDiego. Calif. USA. January 2010. P. 698−712.

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