Control system for an onboard fiber-optic laser transmitter of an intersatellite communication terminal employing artificial intelligence methods
- 1 Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation (St.-Petersburg, Russia); JSC Scientific and Production Corporation Precision Instrumentation Systems, Branch in St. Petersburg (St.-Petersburg, Russia)
- 2 Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation (St.-Petersburg, Russia)
Abstract
Improving the energy efficiency of onboard equipment in spacecraft is a priority when developing advanced onboard information, measurement, and control systems. This article discusses a control system for an onboard fiber-optic laser transmitter using artificial intelligence (AI) methods as part of an inter-satellite laser communication terminal. This system provides improved energy efficiency compared to conventional communication systems when selecting power consumption modes based on the current power conditions of the communication channel. The system is equipped with a distributed network of photodiodes (optical power monitoring in three points along the optical path) and high-precision temperature sensors (four points), enabling dynamic control of the master laser current and temperature, the pump diode currents of the fiber-optic amplifiers, a three-stage network of heaters, and thermoelectric coolers.
Purpose – this paper examines a control system monitored using multiparameter processing of information from a distributed network of photodiodes, temperature sensors, and data on the current distance between satellites and the quality of channel communication, measured by the bit error rate (BER) of service channels. AI algorithms are used to generate precise control parameters, simplifying the measurement of large volumes of multidimensional source data.
The authors developed a mathematical model that establishes an analytical relationship between the required output optical power and integrated energy efficiency based on specified parameters in two modes: with an adaptive control level and with constant power. Unlike existing solutions, the proposed control system design principle is based on dynamic transmitter output power using AI. The results of the subsequent study for typical low-orbit satellite constellation configurations provide a 42.8% reduction in energy consumption while maintaining the required communication quality (BER ≤ 10⁻12).
The proposed approach can be used in the development of control systems for next-generation onboard laser transmitters, as well as for the development of existing and new information, measurement, and control systems.
- Received
- 10.07.2026
- Approved after review
- 21.07.2026
- Accepted
- 01.09.2026
How to cite
Алексеев И.В., Перлюк В.В. Система управления бортовым волоконно-оптическим лазерным передатчиком межспутниковой связи с применением методов искусственного интеллекта // Информационно-измерительные и управляющие системы. 2026. Т. 24. № 5. С. 6−12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j20700814-202605-02
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