The analysis of features of formation and signal processing in SAR at rotation of its phase center

In clause features of formation and processing of a signal in SAR are considered at rotation of its phase center. At carrying out of researches it was considered, that object of supervision is a motionless dot target located in one plane with a plane of rotation of the phase center (PC) of the real aerial. The real aerial moves on a circular trajectory with constant radius of rotation, much smaller distances up to object of supervision, and with constant angular speed. The diagram of an orientation of the real aerial is near-omni directional. A feature of a signal in the considered case is a periodic change of frequency, with the period equal to cycle time of the PC around the axis of rotation; the process of synthesizing of the aperture of the aerial in time, limited by one period of rotation therefore is considered. During synthesizing at the chosen trajectory of movement of the PC of the real aerial there is a nonlinear (voice-frequency) frequency modulation of signal, leading essential changes in procedure of formation of basic function of optimum system of signal processing. The analysis of the target response of the optimum system of signal processing shows that in comparison with rectilinear movement of the PC there are two basic features essential increase in a level of the first side lobes (up to a level of 40% from a maximum) and narrowing of the main lobe of a target signal. It is marked that rotary movement of the PC of the real aerial allows is to receive the radar-tracking image of a spreading surface in a demanded angular direction with identical resolution on along-track range (on an azimuth).