Basic Physics of Holography

Basic physics of holography is explained staring from the ideas of Huygens, Fresnel, Kirchhoff, and Rayleigh. Then, Gabor-s procedure of recording amplitude and phase simultaneously is considered in detail. The requirements imposed on monochromaticity of radiation used to construct a hologram are given. Different schemes of hologram construction for both two- and three-dimensional object are described in detail.