P.A. Podlesnaya1, O.V. Kovaleva2, O.S. Malashenko3, A.N. Gratchev4, I.S. Chernomaz5, P.L. Prishchep6, M.L. Filipenko7, N.E. Kushlinskii8

1–6,8 Federal State Budgetary Institution «N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology»
of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Moscow, Russia)

7 Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine
of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Novosibirsk, Russia)

1 polina.pod@yandex.ru, 2 ovkovaleva@gmail.com, 3 o.malashenko@ronc.ru, 4 alexei.gratchev@gmail.com, 5 Paulig92@mail.ru, 6 marvel2602@mail.ru, 7 mlfilipenko@gmail.com, 8 kne3108@gmail.com

Immunotherapy is a highly efficient treatment strategy for many solid tumors; however, its application in some types of malignant neoplasms is limited due to the lack of optimal targets. Tumor antigens that can be recognized by cytotoxic cells of the immune system are promising targets for the development of new pharmaceuticals. Currently, the investigation of antigenic differences between malignant and normal cells remains a crucial issue that opens up an understanding of the mechanisms of carcinogenesis and its regulatory pathways.

The purpose of this work is to summarize contemporary research dedicated to new tumor-specific and tumor-associated antigens in various oncological diseases and the prospects for their use as targets for immunotherapy.

This paper presents data on the classification, structure, and functions of tumor antigens, particularly SAGE1, XAGE2, and MAGE I, their role in the immune response, tumor progression, and anti-tumor therapy. The diverse functions of these proteins, both under normal conditions and in the development and progression of various tumors, are discussed.

The development of new methods of immunotherapy, namely therapeutic tumor vaccines, is rapidly advancing today. Tumor-associated antigens, due to their limited expression in tumor cells and high immunogenicity, are a promising tool for the development of minimally invasive diagnostic methods and targeted treatment of malignant tumors, showing encouraging results in preclinical and early clinical trials.

Podlesnaya P.A., Kovaleva O.V., Malashenko O.S., Gratchev A.N., Chernomaz I.S., Prishchep P.L., Filipenko M.L., Kushlinskii N.E. Tumor-specific and tumor-associated antigens as targets for immunotherapy. Technologies of Living Systems. 2024. V. 21. № 3. Р. 53-66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j20700997-202403-06 (In Russian).

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