L.D. Egamberdieva1, Yu.S. Pokrovskaya2, G.S. Aslan3, T.Yu. Pokrovskaya4

1–3 Kazan State Medical University (Kazan, Russia)

4 Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev (Kazan, Russia)

1 lutsia1@yandex.ru, 2 iu.pk@bk.ru, 3 guzelo-aslan@mail.ru, 4 vip89@mail.ru

The presented work presents data on theories of the pathogenesis of uterine fibroids, leading to disruption of a woman’s reproductive function and, accordingly, to infertility, as well as methods of surgical treatment of this pathology with their advantages and disadvantages. The analysis of foreign and domestic literature sources demonstrated that surgical intervention is aimed at reducing clinical manifestations, restoring the menstrual cycle and preserving fertility. The article also discusses the mechanisms affecting reproductive function and pregnancy. An assessment was made of the general condition of women, their psychological portrait after surgical interventions, the quality of rehabilitation and the hormonal profile of patients involved and not involved in sports and an active lifestyle.

The general condition of the women and their psychological portrait were assessed using questionnaires with such parameters as levels of pain, discomfort, anxiety, and fatigue. The questionnaire contained 10 main questions of a closed and semi-closed type, including in each question from 2 to 4 answer options, which were aimed at clarifying the subjective state of respondents regarding physical health and emotional state, as well as at verifying their functional state, identifying problems that arise during rehabilitation period. The level of ovarian reserve was assessed by the level of anti-Mullerian hormone, estradiol before and after surgical treatment, ovarian volume and the number of antral follicles after surgery. The course of the rehabilitation period was assessed by such parameters as the presence of complications (active bleeding, irritation of the obturator nerve, necrosis of the myomatous node), duration of hospitalization and rehabilitation, volume of intraoperative blood loss, duration of disability, duration of fever and time of normalization of peripheral blood parameters.

The obtained objective information about the condition of the patients in the postoperative period and the traced dynamics of their recovery determined the cause-and-effect relationship between sports and the quality and course of the rehabilitation process after surgery: physical education does not affect the preservation of the ovarian reserve after surgical treatment - it decreases slightly in each group of women studied, but remains within the reference values. In women leading an active lifestyle, the course of the rehabilitation process after surgical interventions improves: the level of pain, discomfort, anxiety and fatigue decreases faster, the duration of hospitalization and rehabilitation, the febrile period, and the recovery of peripheral blood parameters are shorter. Thus, women who play sports quickly return to their usual lifestyle.

According to the authors, the results obtained have practical significance and can be used for implementation in medical practice for the purpose of better rehabilitation, continuation of a woman’s reproductive function in the postoperative period and significantly increasing the importance of leading an active lifestyle.

Egamberdieva L.D., Pokrovskaya Yu.S., Aslan G.S., Pokrovskaya T.Yu. Analysis of the course of rehabilitation and reproductive outcome of women athletes and ordinary women after myomectomy. Technologies of Living Systems. 2024. V. 21. № 2. Р. 30-38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j20700997-202402-03 (In Russian).

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