E.A. Yumatov1, L.T. Sushkova2

1 P.K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, RAS (Moscow, Russia)

2 Institute of Information Technologies and Radioelectronics of the A.G. and N.G. Stoletovs
Vladimir State University (Vladimir, Russia)

The brain is a unique organization in living nature, which has the ability for mental activity, which manifests itself in consciousness, in thoughts, feelings, emotions, i.e. in the subjective perception of a person himself and the world around him.

Despite the enormous achievements of modern psychophysiology and neurophysiology, the methods existing in these areas do not allow one to directly register and study the patterns of mental activity of the brain.

The aim of the study is to develop information technology, experimental models and equipment for detecting the mental activity of the human brain based on continuous wavelet analysis of the electroencephalogram (EEG) in various mental states of the brain: awareness of a visual image, true and false mental responses and subjective memory reproduction.

To identify the mental activity of the brain in the electroencephalogram (EEG), we created experimental models, software, conducted a study of various types of mental activity of the human brain using the mathematical method of continuous wavelet EEG transformation (Yumatov E.A. et al., 2019-2022).

With the help of continuous wavelet transformation of the EEG, we have established the fundamental possibility of direct objective registration of various types of mental activity of the human brain: awareness of the semantic content of the image, truthful or false mental responses, mental extraction (recollection) of information from memory.

Wavelet analysis of fragments of the EEG recording shows that the main EEG rhythm, which can be used to judge the presence of subjective perception of a visual image, is the alpha rhythm. Significant differences in the dynamics of the EEG alpha rhythm were revealed when the subject understood the semantic content of the image and in the absence of conscious (subjective) perception of the semantic content of the image. These studies allow us to draw an important conclusion about the possibility of detecting in the EEG manifestations of the mental activity of the brain associated with mental awareness of the visual image.

One of the manifestations of mental activity is a false or truthful state of the human brain. The study shows the fundamental possibility of detecting a false or true mental state in the mental activity of the brain on the basis of continuous wavelet analysis of the EEG of individual cortical structures of the human brain. Criteria have been established for the participation of different brain structures in the formation of a false or truthful mental state in different EEG frequency bands.

The data obtained show that on the basis of continuous wavelet EEG analysis, it is possible to identify in the mental activity of the brain the process of extracting information from memory, which characterizes recollection, in people who are able to extract information from memory and are not able to answer the question.

In general, the results of the research allow us to draw an important conclusion about the possibility of an objective study of the nature of the mental activity of the brain.

The disclosure of the mechanisms of the mental activity of the brain is a fundamental general biological, actual problem of science, the solution of which opens up wide opportunities for the development and practical use of fundamentally new information technologies and hardware systems.

Yumatov E.A., Sushkova L.T. The principal possibility of objective registration of the mental activity of the human brain on the basis of electroencephalogram wavelet analysis. Technologies of Living Systems. 2023. V. 20. № 2. Р. 27-33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/ j20700997-202302-03 (In Russian)

1. Nagel T. Myslimost nevozmozhnogo i problema dukha i tela. Voprosy filosofii. 2001. № 10. S. 92–107. (in Russian).
2. Yumatov E.A. Psikhicheskaya deyatelnost mozga – «klyuch» k poznaniyu. Vestnik Mezhdunarodnoy akademii nauk. Russkaya sektsiya. 2013. № 1. S. 35–45. (in Russian).
3. Yumatov E.A. To knowledge of the origin of the brain mental activity. World Journal of Neuroscience. 2014. V. 4. № 2. P. 170–182.
4. Yumatov E.A. The molecularly fielding psychophysical nature of the brain mental activity. J. Neuroscience and Medicine. 2019. V. 10. № 2. P. 55–74.
5. Yumatov E.A. Distantsionno-polevyye proyavleniya psikhicheskoy deyatelnosti mozga. Biomeditsinskaya radioelektronika. 2019. № 1. S. 5–13. (in Russian).
6. Yumatov E.A. Psychogenic theory of consciousness. J. Medical Research Archives. 2021. V. 9. № 5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v9i5.2407
7. Pavlov A.N., Khramov A.E., Koronovskiy A.A., Sitnikova E.Yu., Makarov V.A., Ovchinnikov A.A. Veyvlet-analiz v neyrodinamike. Uspekhi fizicheskikh nauk. 2012. T. 182(9). S. 905–939. (in Russian).
8. Grubov V.V., Sitnikova E.Yu., Koronovskiy A.A., Pavlov A.N., Khramov A.E. Avtomaticheskoye vydeleniye i analiz ostsillyatornykh patternov na nestatsionarnykh signalakh EEG s ispolzovaniyem veyvletnogo preobrazovaniya i metoda empiricheskikh mod. Izvestiya RAN. Ser. fizicheskaya. 2012. T. 76(12). S. 1520–1523. (in Russian).
9. Koronovskiy A.A., Makarov V.A., Pavlov A.N., Sitnikova E.Yu., Khramov A.E. Veyvlety v neyrodinamike i neyrofiziologii. M.: Fizmatlit. 2013. (in Russian).
10. Nazimov A.I., Pavlov A.S., Nazimova A.A., Grubov V.V., Koronovskii A.A., Sitnikova E.Yu., Hramov A.E. Serial identification of EEG patterns using adaptive wavelet-based analysis. Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics. 2013. V. 222. P. 2713–2722.
11. Hramov A.E., Koronovskii A.A., Makarov V.A., Pavlov A.N., Sitnikova E.Yu. Wavelets in Neuroscience. Springer Heidelberg, New York, Dordrecht London, 2015. 318 p.
12. Grubov V.V., Sitnikova E.Yu., Pavlov A.S., Koronovskii A.A., Hramov A.E. Recognizing of stereotypic patterns in epileptic EEG using empirical modes and wavelets. Physica A. 2017. V. 486. P. 206–217.
13. Potapova O.V., Potapov V.Yu., Yumatov E.A. Informatsionno-programmnoye obespecheniye dlya elektroentsefalograficheskogo analiza psikhicheskoy deyatelnosti mozga. Neyrokompyutery: razrabotka i primeneniye. 2016. № 11. S. 45–50. (in Russian).
14. Yumatov E.A., Potapova O.V., Potapov V.Y., Glazachev O.S. Rajewski V.V. The experimental behavioral model and software to identify of mental activity of the brain. Psychology and Behavioral Science International Journal. 2017. V. 2. № 1. P. 1–4.
15. Yumatov E.A., Khramov A.E., Grubov V.V., Glazachev O.S. Dudnik E.N., Karatygin N.A. Issledovaniye vozmozhnosti raspoznavaniya psikhicheskoy deyatelnosti mozga na osnove veyvletnogo analiza elektroentsefalogrammy. Biomeditsinskaya radioelektronika. 2018.
    № 4. S. 3–12. (in Russian).
16. Yumatov E.A., Hramov A.E., Grubov V.V., Glazachev O.S., Dudnik E.N., Karatygin N.A. Possibility for recognition of psychic brain activity with continuous wavelet analysis of EEG. Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science (JBBS). 2019. V. 9. № 3. P. 67–77.
17. Yumatov E.A., Potapov V.Yu., Karatygin N.A., Pertsov S.S. Eksperimentalnaya model i programmnoye obespecheniye dlya raspoznaniya pravdivykh i lozhnykh myslennykh otvetov na osnove analiza elektroentsefalogrammy. Biomeditsinskaya radioelektronika. 2019.
    № 5. S. 38–44. (in Russian).
18. Yumatov E.A., Potapov V.Yu., Karatygin N.A., Dudnik E.N., Pertsov S.S. Experimental approach to the recognition of truthful and false mental responses based on the wavelet transform of the electroencephalogram. J. Trends in Med. 2019. V. 4. P. 19: DOI: 10.15761/ TiM.1000199
19. Yumatov E.A., Karatygin N.A., Dudnik E.N., Khramov A.E., Grubov V.V., Pertsov S.S. Raspoznaniye pravdivogo i lzhivogo sostoyaniy mozga na osnove veyvletnogo analiza elektroentsefalogrammy. Biomeditsinskaya radioelektronika. 2021. T. 24. № 1. S. 5–13. DOI: 10.18127/j15604136-202101-06 (in Russian).
20. Yumatov E.A., Karatygin N.A., Dudnik E.N., Glazachev O.S., Filipchenko A.I., Sushkova L.T., Isakov R.V., Al-Khaydri V. A., Pertsov S.S. Vyyavleniye lzhivogo i pravdivogo sostoyaniya cheloveka na osnove veyvlet-preobrazovaniya elektroentsefalogrammy raznykh struktur mozga. Biomeditsinskaya radioelektronika. 2022. T. 25. № 2-3. S. 84–93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j15604136-202202-09 (in Russian).
21. Yumatov E.A., Potapov V.Yu., Dudnik E.N., Karatygin N.A., Pertsov S.S. Eksperimentalnaya model i programmnoye obespecheniye dlya vyyavleniya protsessov vosproizvedeniya pamyati na osnove veyvletnogo analiza elektroentsefalogrammy. Vestnik psikhofiziologii. 2019. № 2. S. 99–105. (in Russian).
22. Yumatov E.A., Potapov V.Yu., Dudnik E.N., Karatygin N.A., Pertsov S.S. Methodology, experimental model and software for indentifying memory replication processes based on wavelet analysis of electroencefhalograms. J. Trends in Med. 2020. V. 20. № 3. P. 1–4. DOI: 10.15761/TiM.1000229
23. Yumatov E.A., Karatygin N.A., Dudnik E.N., Glazachev O.S., Filipchenko A.I., Sushkova L.T., Isakov R.V., Al-Khaydri V.A., Pertsov S.S. Proyavleniye pamyati (vospominaniya) v elektroentsefalogramme na osnove veyvlet-preobrazovaniya. Biomeditsinskaya radioelektronika. 2021. № 6. S. 37–45. DOI: 10.18127/j15604136-202106-04 (in Russian).