T.A Klimova1, E.S. Barysheva2, Y.A. Plotnikova3

1 Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the RAS (Orenburg, Russia)

2,3 Orenburg State University (Orenburg, Russia)

The versatility of the mechanisms of the participation of metals in metabolic processes is based on the fact that they are the main part of the catalytically active center of enzymes, create or stabilize a certain conformation of the protein molecule, which is necessary to ensure the catalytic action of the enzyme, and can also affect the substrate, changing its electronic structure in this way, that the latter enters into an enzymatic reaction more easily. The paper presents data on the study of the prospects for the use of candidate preparations based on biotransformation (binding of active cations with bioorganic compounds with high biological activity) characteristics of probiotic transient Bacillus strains in the system for correcting microelementosis caused by deficiency states of copper, iron and zinc on a model of laboratory animals. The studies carried out using atomic absorption spectrometry indicate a high level of sorption (deposition) of the investigated essential elements by all tested bacterial strains of the genus Bacillus. At the same time, iron and zinc cations accumulate most intensively up to 45.5% and 46.1%, respectively, while the level of copper accumulation has relatively low sorption levels up to 10.7%, the exception is B. cereus IP 5832, which sorbs more than 24 % of copper cations from the nutrient medium. The criterion for evaluating the accumulating characteristics of the test organisms under study, along with atomic absorption spectrometry, was the study of sorption mechanisms due to the distribution of excess concentrations of essential elements in the biomass structure of the population of bacterial strains. To accomplish this task, a modernized method of atomic force microscopy sample preparation was used in the work. The data obtained in the course of the study indicate the presence of pronounced sorption processes that ensure the safety (viability) of the population under conditions of an increased cationic load with the studied elements in the substrate with the localization of the deposited complexes in the structure of the surface components of cells. The final stage of our research was a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of using inhibited biomass of bacterial cells cultivated under conditions of increased cationic load of essential elements as a candidate drug for correcting mineral deficiency states. The analysis of the data obtained indicates a significant decrease in the studied elements in the body of animals against the background of the use of a mineral deficient diet, while the most critical values were recorded when assessing the zinc content in biological samples (up to 50%) in all studied groups in relation to the indicators of intact animals. Against the background of the use of the tested candidate preparations, a significant increase in the concentration of the studied elements in the tissues was recorded with the achievement of peak concentrations identical to those of the group of intact animals (against the background of the use of copper and zinc containing bioorganic complexes) by the 10th day of the experiment, the exception was the groups for the correction of iron deficiency states.

Klimova T.A., Barysheva E.S., Plotnikova Y.A. The use of essential elements by transient probiotic strains in the system of correction of mineral deficiency states on the model of laboratory animals. Technologies of Living Systems. 2021. V. 18. № 4. Р. 34−43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j20700997-202104-03 (In Russian)

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