O.R. Shangina - Dr.Sc. (Biol.), Leading Research Scientist, FSBI «Russian Eye and Plastic Surgery Centre» of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health, Ufa, Russia. E-mail: alloolga@mail.ru R.A. Khasanov - Ph.D. (Pharm.), Leading Research Scientist, FSBI «Russian Eye and Plastic Surgery Centre» of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health, Ufa, Russia

Tissue preservation laboratory with - Alloplant®? tissue bank have been functioning for 25 years in the Russian Eye and Plastic Surgery Centre. Rational mechanical and chemical treatment of donor tissues, optimal preservation and sterilization methods of the end product were the basis for allograft production. Donor tissues (bone, cartilage, derma, fascia, tendons, serous membranes, vessels etc.) the harvesting of which is carried out in accordance with approved laws and regulations are used for the production of grafts. All donors - blood serum undergo obligatory test for the presence of infections (HIV, virus B and C hepatitis, RW). Then the tissues are subjected to mechanical cleaning of adjoining muscular and fat tissue residues, blood and contamination of foreign matter. The donor material, thereafter, undergoes a multistage physico-chemical treatment which allows to achieve membranolysis and extraction of the most immunogenetic tissue components preserving collagenic and elastic framework. The donor tissues following the physico-chemical treatment are distributed into the following groups: preserved in ethanol, lyophilized and dispersed ones. 1. To make preserved allografts into a specified shape we use a microtone (for cartilage tissue and derma), oscillating saws (for osseous tissue) and complex of laser modeling designed and developed in the Russian Federal Nuclear Cen-tre (the city of Sarov) according to the project of the tissue bank specialists. The laser performs a function of a scalpel and is able to model allografts of the prescribed shape from tissues different in structure. The laser beam is activated with the aid of a special computer programme provided with preset allograft geometric parameters. 2. To make lyophilized allografts we use vacuum dryer methods allowing to obtain new structurally modified allografts with prescribed biological and physical parameters along with traditional lyophilized allografts. 3. To produce dispersed allografts, high-performance mills are used. Thanks to the milling sparing technology, frac-tionation and use of cooling agents (liquid nitrogen, carbonic acid) we manage to get homogenates from soft tissues with particle size ranging from 30 to 250 mcm. Dispersed allografts are well moistened forming a suspension and thus freely pass through the injection needle. All produced allografts pass versatile inspection for specifications and production schedules adequacy. Besides, dur-ing the tests of the serial products and while developing new types of allografts as well as selectively at any stage of the production an intermittent monitoring is carried out, including biomechanical tests, electron-microscopic, pola-rizing-optical and histochemical investigations, toxicological and surgical control. Sterilization being the next stage of producing allografts is carried out with the aid of radiation and technological complex (RTC) on the basis of linear electron accelerator (ЛУ-7-2). After the radiation sterilization finished products pass a microscopic and bacteriologic control. The produced trans-plantational material is practically used in all fields of restorative surgery ensuring sterility, preserving their struc-ture and plastic properties for the period of 5 years.