V.B. Suchkov1, G.L. Pavlov2, Yu.V. Karakulin3, D.A. Tyotushkin4

1–4 Bauman Moscow State Technical University (Moscow, Russia)

1 vbs-2014@bmstu.ru, 2 pavlov_503@bmstu.ru, 3 karakulin@bmstu.ru, 4 tyotushkinda@student.bmstu.ru

Slotted waveguide antennas are widely used in radio engineering systems for various purposes due to their advantages: high directivity, the possibility of constructing linear and lattice radiators, compactness and manufacturability. Despite the advantages, designing slotted waveguide antennas is a difficult task. The problem is that the antenna characteristics are determined not only by the electrodynamic processes occurring inside the waveguide, but also by the parameters of the slots, their location and orientation. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the mutual influence of the slots on each other, as well as the matching of the antenna with the supply path. In particular, resonant and non-resonant slotted waveguide antennas are distinguished. In resonant designs, the slots are excited by a standing wave, which ensures high efficiency, but imposes strict matching requirements. Traveling wave is used in non-resonant antennas, which makes it possible to expand the band and simplify matching, however, the task arises of distributing the characteristics along the structure. An important task in the design is the formation of a directional pattern with inclination of the main lobe and sidelobe level. These parameters are determined by the amplitude-phase distribution and depend on the location and characteristics of the slots. The correct choice of their size and position allows you to control the orientation and achieve the required characteristics. The article presents a scientific justification of the mathematical apparatus for calculating gaps for optimization and obtaining the characteristics. The algorithm takes into account the processes in the waveguide, the mutual influence and the alignment with the supply path. The technique involves numerical modeling, followed by analysis of the results and optimization of parameters to achieve the tilt of the main lobe, reduce the level of the side lobes and provide the electrical characteristics.

Purpose – development and optimization of a slotted waveguide antenna with a given inclination of the main lobe of the radiation pattern and the required sidelobe level based on the slot calculation algorithm.

A slotted waveguide antenna designed to operate at a frequency of 10 GHz is calculated based on an algorithm for determining slot conductivities at equal-amplitude current distribution. A non-resonant slotted waveguide antenna with variable-phase slots in a waveguide with an absorbing load is considered. Numerical modeling in the FEKO has been performed, confirming the correctness of the calculations. Optimization of the design parameters in DT Seven has been carried out to form a directional pattern with a given inclination of the main lobe and the required sidelobe level. Radiation characteristics meeting the set requirements have been obtained.

A universal algorithm has been developed for calculating a non-resonant slotted waveguide antenna with variable-phase slots, which allows forming a radiation pattern with specified parameters. The possibility of optimization makes the method adaptable to different requirements and ensures wide applicability in practice. The implemented approach allows us to expand it to calculate antennas with nonuniform amplitude current distribution, as well as other types of slotted waveguide antennas.

Suchkov V.B., Pavlov G.L., Karakulin Yu.V., Tyotushkin D.A. Method of numerical modeling and optimization of on-board X-band slotted waveguide antenna. Science Intensive Technologies. 2025. V. 26. № 6. P. 18−30. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.18127/j19998465-202506-02 (in Russian)

1. Misilmani H.M. E, Al-Husseini M., Kabalan K.Y. Design of slotted waveguide antennas with low sidelobes for high power microwave applications. Progress In Electromagnetics Research C. 2015. V. 56. P. 15–28.
2. Al-Husseini M., El-Hajj A., Kabalan K. High-gain S-band slotted waveguide antenna arrays with elliptical slots and low sidelobe levels. Prog. Electromagn. Res. 2013. P. 1821.
3. Khan A.M., Ahmed M.M., Rafique U., Kiyani A., Abbas S.M. An Efficient Slotted Waveguide Antenna System Integrated with Inside-Grooves and Modified Gaussian Slot Distribution. Electronics. 2022. V. 11. P. 2948. https:// doi.org/10.3390/electronics11182948.
4. Koshkid’ko V.G., Migalin M.M. Design of a Slotted Waveguide Antenna by Means of VBScript Scripting Language Macros in CAD Ansys HFSS. Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics. 2020. V. 23. № 1. P. 6–17. DOI: 10.32603/1993-8985-2020-23-1-6-17.
5. Voskresenskij D.I. Ustrojstva SVCh i antenny. Proektirovanie antennyh reshetok. Pod red. D.I. Voskresenskogo. Izd. 4-e. M.: Radiotekhnika. 2012. 744 s. (in Russian).
6. Voskresenskij D.I., Granovskaya R.A., Gostyuhin V.L., Filippov V.S. i dr. Antenny i ustrojstva SVCh. Raschet i proektirovanie antennyh reshetok i izluchayushchih elementov. M.: Sov. radio. 1972. 320 s. (in Russian).
7. Kocherzhevskij G.N., Erohin G.A., Kozyrev N.D. Antenno-fidernye ustrojstva: Uchebnik dlya vuzov. M.: Radio i svyaz'. 1989. 352 c. (in Russian).
8. El Misilmani H., Al-Husseini M., Kabalan K.Y., El-Hajj A. A design procedure for slotted waveguide antennas with specified sidelobe levels. In Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on High Performance Computing & Simulation (HPCS). Bologna. Italy. 21–25 July 2014. P. 828–832.
9. Balanis C.A. Antenna theory: analysis and design. John Wiley & Sons. 2016.
10. Lácides Ripoll-Solano, Luis Torres-Herrera, Manuel Sierra-Pérez Design. Simulation and Optimization of a Slotted Waveguide Array with Central Feed and Low Sidelobes. 2018 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC).
11. Wasim Z. Design, Fabrication and Testing of a Millimeter Wave Slotted Waveguide Antenna. 2007 International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences & Technology. 2007.
12. Hung K.L., Chou H.T. A design of slotted waveguide antenna array operated at X-band. In Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE International Conference on Wireless Information Technology and Systems. Honolulu. HI. USA. 28 August–3 September 2010. P. 1–4.
13. El Misilmani H.M., Al-Husseini M., Kabalan K.Y. Design procedure for planar slotted waveguide antenna arrays with controllable sidelobe level ratio for high power microwave applications. Engineering Reports. 2020. 2:e12255. https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.12255.
14. Cherep O.V. Metod rascheta nerezonansnoj volnovodno-shchelevoj antenny. Boepripasy. 2014. № 2 (in Russian).
15. Golubkov Yu.V., Kozin M.A., Antifeev V.N. Raschet volnovodno-shchelevyh antenn SVCh. M.: 1986 (in Russian).
16. Politiko A.A. Eksperimental'nye issledovaniya elektrofizicheskih svojstv geterogennyh pogloshchayushchih struktur i pokrytij v SVCh diapazone: Dis. ... kand. tekhn. nauk: 01.04.13 [Mesto zashchity: FGBUN Ob"edinennyj institut vysokih temperatur Rossijskoj akademii nauk]. M. 2021. 168 s. (in Russian).
17. Suchkov V.B., Lihoedenko K.P., Karakulin Yu.V., Tetushkin D.A., Artyushkin M.V. Mnogokriterial'naya surrogatnaya optimizaciya sverhshirokopolosnoj antenny Vival'di. Antenny. 2025. № 4. S. 34–45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j03209601-202504-04 (in Russian).