V.A. Telegin - Ph. D. (Phys.-Math.), Senior Research Scientist, Head of Laboratory, Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation of RAS E-mail: telvika@gmail.com V.V. Bakhanov - Ph. D. (Phys.-Math.), Head of Laboratory, Institute of Applied Physics of RAS (N. Novgorod) E-mail: bakh@hydro.appl.sci-nnov.ru A.V. Ermoshkin - Research Scientist, Institute of Applied Physics of RAS (N. Novgorod) E-mail: al-ermoshkin@yandex.ru M.V. Kurgansky - Dr. Sc. (Phys.-Math.), Leading Research Scientist, A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics of RAS (Moscow) E-mail: kurgansk@ifaran.ru V.I. Rozhdestvenskaya - Ph. D. (Phys.-Math.), Senior Research Scientist, Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation of RAS E-mail: veraro2011@yandex.ru A.V. Trubitsyn - Ph. D. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Moscow Technological University (MIREA) E-mail: trubitcyn@mirea.ru

Typically, observations of a tornado is used radar of the Doppler type. The presence of the Doppler shift allows easy identification of the tornadoes formed at an early stage, including automatically, without the need for the radar operator. In the present work demonstrates the ability of an ordinary ship radar of the circular review to measure the physical parameters of the tornado, which was observed 02.08.2007 year in the coastal zone of the Blue Bay. To register the radar data were used in a digital radar system based on marine navigational radar Furuno 1942 Mk2. These radars were complemented by continuous measurements of temperature, pressure, precipitation and wind speed at two weather stations and visual observations (photo and video). Using overlay RL panoramas to pictures navigation satellites were identified angular and radial velocity distribution of medium-sized tornado of small intensity. On radar panoramas discovered that the tornado spread in the direction of 20-40 degrees to the North and traveled over 12 km (speed about 4 m/s), from the moment of appearance of the first clear signs before the occurrence of destructive whirl, it took 15-20 min. It is shown that the presence of the reflection of radio signal from droplets of condensed water in the flow of humid air and the absence of reflections from dry streams forms a hook-shaped echo on a radar screen, which is the characteristic feature of the tornado. When dissipation of the vortex, the hook closes, turns into a ring quickly fills up and disappears, merging with the background.

 

1. Frolov A.V., Sigov A.S., Kutuzov V.M., Mikhajjlov N.N., Kulikov G.V., Trubicyn A.V., Zamuruev S.N., Zacepin A.G., Kovalenko V.V., Sobchuk V.A., Tkachev G.N., Egorov V.A., Telegin V.A., Kaptjug A.A. Koncepcija sozdanija kompleksnojj sistemy monitoringa pribrezhnykh akvatorijj // Trudy IV Vseros. nauchno-tekhnich. konf. «Perspektivy razvitija RLS dalnego obnaruzhenija, integrirovannykh sistem i kompleksov informacionnogo obespechenija vozdushno-kosmicheskojj oborony i kompleksov upravlenija i obrabotki informacii «RTI Sistemy VKO-2016». M. OAO «RTI». 2016. S. 216−224.
2. Nalivkin D.V. Uragany, buri i smerchi. Geograficheskie osobennosti i geologicheskaja dejatelnost. L.: Nauka.1969. 487 s.
3. Stepanenko V.D., Galperin S.M. Radiotekhnicheskie metody obnaruzhenija groz. L.: Gidrometeoizdat. 1983. 204 s.
4. Galperin S.M., Stepanenko V.D. Issledovanie anomalnykh grozovykh oblakov s pomoshhju RLS metrovogo i santimetrovogo diapazona radiovoln // Trudy 10-jj Mezhdunar. konf. po atmosfernomu ehlektrichestvu. JAponija. 1996.
5. Varaksin A.JU., Romash M.EH., Kopejjcev V.N. Tornado. M.: Fizmatlit. 2011. 344 s.
6. Dessens J. Influence of ground roughness on tornadoes: A laboratory simulation // J. Appl. Meteorol. 1972. V. 11. P. 72−75.
7. Kondratev K.JA. Radiacionnoe vozmushhajushhee vozdejjstvie, obuslovlennoe aehrozolem // Optika atmosfery i okeana. 2003. T. 16. № 1. S. 5−18.
8. Leverson V.H., Sinclair P.C., Golden J.H. Waterspout wind, temperature and pressure structure deduced from aircraft measurements // Mon. Wea. Rev. 1977. V. 105. P. 725−733.
9. Rukovodstvo po proizvodstvu nabljudenijj i primeneniju informacii s neavtomatizirovannykh radiolokatorov MRL-1, MRL-2. SPb.: Gidrometeoizdat. 1993. 357 s.
10. Skorer R. Aehrogidrodinamika okruzhajushhejj sredy. M.: Mir. 1980.
11. Kundu P.K., Cohen I.M., Dowling D.R. Fluid Mechanics. 5th Ed. Waltham: MA Academic Press. 2012. 891 p.
12. Alekseenko S.V., Kujjbin P.A., Okulov V.L. Vvedenie v teoriju koncentrirovannykh vikhrejj. Izhevsk: In-t kompjuternykh issledovanijj. 2005. 504 s.