Yu. M. Urlichich, A. V. Kruglov, V. M. Vatutin, E. P. Molotov

At the present time the experts from many countries, including the Russian Federation, place an increased attention to the matters concerning the development of the following concept: how to erect inhabited stationary multi-purpose bases on the Moon. Such bases can provide the following advantages: - a possibility to carry out the astrophysical researches without harmful influence of the Earth atmosphere; - a possibility to carry out the more detailed exploration of the Moon; - a possibility to use the Moon as an intermediate base for the manned flights to the Mars and to long-distance planets and so on. In this article it is described a possible pattern of radio technical system which assures the operation of a stationary lunar base (SLB), therewith when considering the matters of radio engineering support for the SLB a generalized block-diagram of the Lunar base will be used. The SLB-s communication system shall provide the data exchange between SLB components and connection of these components with the Earth using the long-haul communication stations SLB - Earth. For the purpose to solve all these tasks a number of systems will be included into radio engineering communication system of SLB: - long-haul communication stations SLB - Earth and others. - system for data acquisition and data exchange between SLB objects, including the cable and radio channels for data transmission, receiving and processing and some other systems. The long-haul communication station comprises two radio channels for data exchange with the Earth: - long-haul (trunk) channel; - standby channel. Through the trunk channel between the Stationary Lunar Base (SLB) and the Earth a simultaneous and independent ex-change with different kinds of data shall be effected. The data throughput of a trunk channel shall be at least 725 Mbit/s in direction of SLB - Earth and up to 550 Mbit/s in direction of Earth - SLB, this can be realized when using Ка - band. The standby channel is an individual station distinguished with high reliability. In contrast to the trunk channel this station can be never switched off. The standby channel has a limited capacity (up to 10-20 Mbit/s) and the same kinds of data can be transmitted through this channel as through the trunk channel, but with reduced rate and nonsimultaneously. For the normal functioning of SLB the ground means shall support twenty-four-hour continuous connection with the SLB. When erecting the ground network for communication with the SLB it is necessary to take into account the peculiarity of Lunar orbit around the Earth, which consists in that the plane of the Moon rotation does not coincide with the plane of the Earth equator. Four ground stations for connection with SLB shall be included into the ground communication network; two of these stations are located further north than equator (on the territory of the Russian Federation) and two stations are located to the south of equator. The control-coordination center, from which the operation of the SLB is controlled, shall be also included into the ground communication network.