D.V. Ivanov1, V.A. Ivanov2, A.A. Kislitsin3, M.I. Ryabova4

1-4 Volga State University of Technology (Yoshkar-Ola, Russia)

1 IvanovDV@volgatech.net; 2 IvanovVA@volgatech.net; 3 KislitsinAA@volgatech.net; 4 RyabovaMI@volgatech.net

The propagation of wideband wave packets through a transionospheric radio channel is accompanied by anomalous group delay dispersion and the associated chirping effect, which hinder the increase in data throughput of satellite communication systems (SCS). The impairments experienced by wideband signals in this natural propagation medium are largely governed by geophysical processes occurring in the ionosphere. Consequently, accounting for the ionospheric geophysical state within a physical approach based on approximate solutions of the wave equation is a timely and relevant problem in the analysis of transionospheric wave packet propagation. New insights into wideband satellite communications can be obtained by further developing this physical approach and constructing a comprehensive model of the chirping effect under real operational conditions. The aim of this work is to develop a comprehensive model of the chirping effect in a transionospheric wideband SCS radio channel by advancing a physical approach to wave packet propagation. The proposed model accounts for deviations from vertical direction of arrival, the operational frequencies of the channel, and variations in geophysical conditions. The capabilities of the physical approach to modeling wideband wave packet propagation in transionospheric radio links are extended with explicit consideration of the chirping effect. Analytical expressions for the phase, group delay, and group delay dispersion (GDD) at the packet central frequency are derived, incorporating spatio-temporal geophysical components of the chirping effect. A model is presented for estimating anomalous dispersion parameters for arbitrary satellite positions based on the group delay dispersion coefficient obtained under vertical propagation conditions. An intelligent navigation-data processing system is developed to retrieve current values of key chirping parameters. An experimental methodology is proposed and implemented to investigate the influence of geographic latitude on transionospheric vertical and oblique radio links and on the amplitude of chirping parameter variations. It is shown that at high latitudes the day–night variation amplitude increases by up to a factor of four, while at mid-latitudes it increases by up to a factor of seven. The minimum GDD values increase with latitude by approximately a factor of 1.5 for each 10° increment. The presented results enable synergy with radio engineering approaches for a qualitative investigation of the chirping effect in transionospheric wideband radio channels, which is essential for developing mitigation techniques and, ultimately, for substantially expanding the operational bandwidth of satellite communication systems.

Ivanov D.V., Ivanov V.A., Kislitsin A.A., Ryabova M.I. Development of a comprehensive model for the chirping effect in a trans-ionospheric wideband radio channel. Part 2. Physical approach. Radiotekhnika. 2026. V. 90. № 1. P. 94−105. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j00338486-202601-09 (In Russian)

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