A.N. Tonkikh1, V.A. Kuznetsova2

1 LLC “Nauchno-proizvodstvennoe ob`edinenie “NaukaSoft” (Moscow, Russia)

2 Institute of Radio Electronics and Informatics, RTU MIREA (Moscow, Russia)

1 alex_tonkih@mail.ru; 2 abvthnk@gmail.com

When developing radar stations with synthesized antenna aperture, the task of synthesizing algorithms for processing radar signals under conditions of trajectory instabilities of the radar station carrier, as well as “migration” of signals through oblique range channels, is relevant. The study of such algorithms determines the need for a large amount of radar data obtained under different observational conditions and with different radar station characteristics. In addition, a separate task is the creation of a data bank of radar images of objects in the interests of training decoding operators and the development of automatic detection and recognition algorithms. The need for a large amount of primary and secondary data of radar observation make the development of a mathematical model of the path of formation of highly detailed radar images relevant.

The purpose of the work is to develop a mathematical model of the path of formation and processing of radar signal of radar station with synthesized antenna aperture.

The paper proposes a mathematical model of radar images formed by radar station with synthesized antenna aperture. The developed model includes solutions of the following problems: geometric modeling, diffraction of electromagnetic waves on the surface of objects of complex shape, stochastic modeling of reflection from the underlying surfaces, modeling of the path of formation and processing of the trajectory signal. The object surface is approximated as a set of facets and selected edges. When solving the diffraction problem, asymptotic methods are used: physical optics, equivalent currents, elementary boundary waves and the strict method of integral equations. The use of analytical expressions in solving the problem of diffraction on elementary surfaces allows us to calculate the scattered field by three points corresponding to the vertices of the triangular facet approximating the surface. The proposed model has a modular architecture, which allows to investigate, refine and modify the model of each component independently of the others.

Comparison of the results of modeling and field survey confirmed the performance of the mathematical model and showed its high reliability. The analysis of the results of application of the mathematical model proposed in this work allows us to speak about its performance and suitability for solving problems of information support of algorithms of primary and secondary processing of remote sensing data, performed with the use of radar.

Tonkikh A.N., Kuznetsova V.A. Mathematical modeling of radar images formed by synthetic-aperture radar. Radiotekhnika. 2025.
V. 89. № 4. P. 89−100. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j00338486-202504-08 (In Russian)

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