F.V. Balykleisky1, A.E. Ananenkov2, A.N. Kharlamov3, V.M. Nuzhdin4

1-4 Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI) (Moscow, Russia)

1 «NAVIOM» (Moscow, Russia)

1 Balikleyskiyfv@mail.ru; 2 Pan_angej@rambler.ru; 3 Akharlam@mail.ru; 4 Nuzhdin.vm@mail.ru

Recently, the problem of monitoring UAVs in urban areas to ensure safety has become increasingly urgent. The most universal means of monitoring are radar systems, since they are not affected by hydrometeors, dust, and fog. The presence of highly reflective surfaces in urban areas leads to strong interference and gaps in the continuous detection zone due to a decrease in the signal-to-noise ratio. One of the issues when creating a new class of radar that allows solving assigned tasks in urban conditions is the choice of probing signal. Important criteria for selecting a signal, among others, are: high range resolution and low (safe) average power.

he classical two-beam model of propagation of signals of various types is considered: an ultrashort radio pulse, a chirp signal, an ultrashort video pulse. All signals have a high resolution range of 20 cm. To carry out the simulation, it is necessary to estimate the signal reflection coefficient from the underlying surface depending on the polarization, frequency range and grazing angle. The effect of multipath propagation is especially significant in urban environments, where reinforced concrete structures, building cladding, road surfaces, and house roofs have a high reflectivity.

The intensity of the electromagnetic wave incident on the target is estimated depending on the difference in the path of the direct and reflected signal. A comparison of the simulation results shows that the main factor influencing the occurrence of deep interference gaps is the fractional signal bandwidth.

The issues of interference of narrowband signals are widely covered in the literature, so experimental work is carried out only for ultrashort video pulses. Using experimental data, the intensity of the wave incident on the target was estimated from the difference in the beam paths of the direct and reflected signals. The simulation results and experimental results coincided. To estimate the depth of interference holes, the transmission characteristics of the propagation channel were recorded. The simulation results and experimental results coincided. To estimate the depth of interference gaps, the transfer characteristics of the propagation channel were experimentally measured. From the measured data it is clear that when using narrow-band signals, failures in tracking the located object or non-detection of the object are possible.

Balykleisky F.V., Ananenkov A.E., Kharlamov A.N., Nuzhdin V.M. Features of choosing a probing signal in a short-range radar. Radiotekhnika. 2024. V. 88. № 4. P. 90−101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j00338486-202404-09 (In Russian)

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