A.V. Malinka1

1 JSC «Central Radio-Research Institute named after academician A.I. Berg» (Moscow, Russia)

The principle of creation of the multiposition coherent radar-locating system carried in space (further – CBRL) on the basis of the ultrawideband active phased antenna lattice is considered (further – UAA). Data from the theory of a bistatic radar-location are provided; the signals of «sublight» used in CBRL are analysed; the most characteristic example of creation of CBRL is reviewed. The algorithm of processing of signals is given in the channel of the place of acceptance using digital signals of «sublight». The sample CBRL developed in JSC «Central Scientific Research Radio Engineering Institute named after academician A.I. Berg» and results received by means of expected calculations is described.

Setting of a problem. Rapid development of the fighting small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and the fighting aircraft (A) executed on technology of small radio visibility (STEALTH) poses a serious threat for protection of important infrastructure and strategic objects and also safety of people. At the same time recognition of small UAVs represents a difficult task as they have similar to other purposes, in particular with birds, radar characteristics and parameters of the movement. Material of development of a radar (radar station) system with space diversity of the transmitter and receivers is presented in article. Development represents the Complex of a bistatic (multistatic) radar-location (CBRL) on the basis of UAA.

CBRL has higher probability of detection of the purposes executed on the Stealth technology as modern a stealth technology were not planned to application against one-stage radiation by signals in wideband of frequencies the transmitter and for reception in broad band of frequencies of reflected signals spaced receivers, and were focused on minimization of the monostatic effective surface of dispersion (ESD) on certain radio frequencies. In CBRL it is offered to use the optical-electronic system (OES) allowing to carry out search, detection and recognition of moving and fixed targets at any time. The thermal imaging camera on the basis of the cooled photoreceiving device, allows to conduct the round-the-clock observation and to provide detection and recognition of a «quadcopter» object (RCS=0,1 m2) at distance to 4 km and also to provide selection of the purpose against the background of marks with similar radar characteristics and parameters of the movement (flocks of birds, a difficult land relief), specifying radar targets.

Purpose. Present in the present article material on development of the combined multiposition radar system (Complex) carried in space on the basis of UAA working in the passive mode on reception of the highly stable wideband long-base signals radiated by the transmitter of «sublight» and forming continuous electromagnetic fields in one stage in all service band, creating the radar image (RLI) of a tactical situation on the screen of the operator of a fighting post (automated workplace) with application of OES allowing to carry out search, detection and recognition of moving and fixed targets at any time in sector 360°.

Results. The example of creation of the Complex of a bistatic radar-location on the basis of UAA is given, data from the theory of a bistatic radar-location are provided, the conditions for the system of «sublight» of the purposes and places of acceptance offered for realization in the Complex are defined. Functioning of CBRL in the presented topology is described and theoretical results whenever possible detection of the purposes are given.

The practical importance. The development presented in article materials in the form of the Complex of a bistatic (multistatic) radar-location on the basis of the ultrawideband active implemented phased array solves a problem of recognition and identification of the small-sized LA (UAVs) and LA executed on technology of small radio visibility the STEALTH, at the same time provides a solution of the following tasks: observation of an air situation without radiation of radio waves with application of OES; detection, maintenance, delivery of targeting and target distribution on air objects, including small-sized high-speed and hardly noticeable in radiation fields of radio waves and zones of the review of an optical-electronic system; determination of coordinates and parameters of the movement of objects in relative and geographical coordinate systems; development and issue of data on an air situation in the position area; registration of parameters of the movement of objects, operation modes of the Complex and control instructions.

Malinka A.V. Complex of the bistatic radar-location on the basis of the ultrawideband active implemented phased array. Radiotekhnika. 2023. V. 87. № 5. P. 40−51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j00338486-202305-04 (In Russian)

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