V.P. Busygin1, L.V. Dobrovolskaya2, I.Yu. Kuzmina3, A.N. Pleshanov4, A.A. Chubykin5

1-5 JSC “Precision Systems and Instruments” (Moscow, Russia)

Problem statement. A significant disadvantage of laser systems is the dependence of the effectiveness of their use on weather conditions, in particular, on the presence of clouds. However, in the works carried out at JSC «PSI», some facts of receiving laser pulses on board the spacecraft in cloudy conditions have been experimentally confirmed. The possibility of laser stations functioning in the presence of certain forms of layered clouds between the ground station and the spacecraft requires scientific confirmation.

The purpose of the work was to assess the possibility of the presence of certain types and forms of clouds in the firmament, allowing the reception and determination of the parameters of laser pulses during the operation of an unsolicited (no-demand) quantum optical system.

Solution methods. The solution is based on a local evaluation of the Monte Carlo method. Mathematical models of the atmosphere have been developed for a laser wavelength of 0.532 μm, including the optical characteristics of the crystalline environment for aggregate structures of ice particles. Calculations of the optical radiation transfer of subnanosecond laser pulses of ground stations to high-orbit and low-orbit spacecraft in the presence of clouds of upper and middle tiers are performed.

Results. It is shown that the principles of one-way laser ranging can be implemented in the presence of frontal cirrus, cirrostratus, and cirrocumulus clouds, as well as altostratus clouds in the sky with established limitations on optical thickness.

Practical significance. The results obtained allow us to talk about the possibility of increasing the technological performance of high-precision satellite rangefinder systems, as well as contribute to improving the efficiency of one-way laser location with an active response when solving other problems of space navigation and geodesy, since the repeatability of the considered cloud forms over the territory of the Russian Federation reaches 20 percent or more.

Busygin V.P., Dobrovolskaya L.V., Kuzmina I.Yu., Pleshanov A.N., Chubykin A.A. Transfer of laser pulses through crystal clouds.
Radiotekhnika. 2023. V. 87. № 4. P. 36−41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j00338486-202304-06 (In Russian)

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