E.V. Ovchinnikova1, S.G. Kondratieva2, P.A. Shmachilin3,
Nguen Dinh To4, T.A. Trofimova5, E.V. Gadzhiev6
1-6 Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) (Moscow, Russia)
2,3 Peoples Friendship University of Russia (Moscow, Russia)
6 JC “VNIIEM Corporation” (Moscow, Russia)

A target information transmission radio line is used both as part of large spacecraft and as part of small spacecraft of any purpose.

The paper considers the ways of constructing antenna systems of the target information transmission radio line of spacecraft.

The review of scientific and technical literature regarding the construction of on-board antenna systems of domestic (for example, the small spacecraft "Canopus-V" No. 1 and the large spacecraft "Meteor-M" No. 2-2) and foreign spacecraft (for example, the small spacecraft "TechDemoSat-1") is given. The composition of the applied antenna system of the target information transmission radio line is shown.

In the course of analyzing the presented review of scientific and technical literature and taking into account modern requirements for the construction of high-speed radio lines for promising spacecraft, further ways of constructing an antenna system for target information transmission radio line are identified and formulated.

One of the ways is to use a single emitter. The paper shows the use of mirror, spiral, horn antennas as on-board antennas of the target information transmission radio line. The energy parameters of the antennas used are given, such as the voltage standing–wave ratio, the radiation pattern, the gain coefficient and the axial ratio. The advantages of horn antennas, such as high reliability and electrical strength, wide working band, low losses, etc. are determined.

Another option is to use an antenna feeder device with mechanical scanning. The paper shows the use of various types of domestic and foreign drives for space applications. The requirements for the drive of the on-board antenna feeder device of the target information transmission radio line are formulated. The possibility of wide-angle mechanical scanning is shown.

In turn, the option of using antenna arrays is also considered. The paper shows the use of phased antenna arrays, active phased antenna arrays, as well as digital phased antenna arrays. The energy parameters of the antenna arrays considered are given, such as the voltage standing–wave ratio, the radiation pattern, the gain coefficient and the axial ratio. The expediency of studying the characteristics of antenna arrays in relation to the target information transmission radio line of spacecraft, as well as the need to determine ways to build multi-element antenna systems, is shown.

Thus, this paper shows the following ways of constructing an antenna system of the target information transmission radio line:

• the use of a single emitter;
• application of antenna feeder device with mechanical scanning;

the use of antenna arrays.

Ovchinnikova E.V., Kondratieva S.G., Shmachilin P.A., Nguen Dinh To, Trofimova T.A., Gadzhiev E.V. The antenna system of target information transmission radio line of the spacecraft: ways of constructions. Radiotekhnika. 2022. V. 86. № 6. P. 109−121. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j00338486-202206-14 (In Russian)

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