S.E. Mishchenko1, V.V. Shatskiy2, L.V. Vinnik3

1-3 FGUP "Rostov Scientific Research Institute of Radio Communications" (Rostov-on-Don, Russia)

Problem statement. The problem of determining the angular positions of radio sources or their spatial frequencies in the theory of antenna arrays is generally similar to the problems that arise in many applications of radio engineering. To solve these problems, the Fourier transform is widely used. However, the presence of noise, the discrepancy between the size of the antenna aperture and the period of spatial oscillations lead to ambiguity in solving the corresponding problems and limiting the resolution of systems in the spatial, temporal or frequency domains. In the theory of antenna arrays, there are methods of angular super-resolution, which are implemented during spatio-temporal signal processing. However, these methods require considerable time. Also in antenna theory, the "virtual aperture" method is known, which is based on various solutions to the problem of extrapolating the distribution of complex signal amplitudes of the antenna array to the larger size aperture of a virtual antenna. This method is very sensitive to the value of the signal-to-noise ratio in the channels of the antenna array.

In this regard, the problem of determining the angular coordinates of radio emission sources and their angular resolution is of considerable interest and requires the creation of new solution methods.

Goal. Reducing the limitations of the virtual aperture method to the noise level.

Results. The developed method of angular super resolution differs from the known ones by using a fan of narrow beams to approximate the initial direction-finding relief. The method has shown its operability in noise conditions and the ability to determine directions to radio sources even in cases when visually in the image of the direction-finding relief, the petals of the direction-finding relief merge into one wide lobe.

The practical significance lies in the possibility of forming a contrasting direction-finding relief and estimating the position of radio sources with a signal-to-noise ratio at the output of a digital antenna array up to -7 dB.

Mishchenko S.E., Shatskiy V.V., Vinnik L.V. The method of angular super-resolution in digital antenna arrays based on the approxi-mation of the initial direction-finding relief by a fan of narrow beams. Radiotekhnika. 2022. V. 86. № 3. P. 104−114.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j00338486-202203-10 (In Russian)

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