D.D. Gabrielyan - Dr.Sc. (Eng.), Professor, Deputy Head of Science of Scientific and Technical Complex, FRPC «RNIIRS»
A.N. Gorbachev - Engineer 2 cat., FRPC «RNIIRS»
V.I. Demchenko - Head of Research and Technology Complex, FRPC «RNIIRS»

In present days passive observation facilities, passive radar-tracking systems in particular, find a wide usage in the space monitoring (SM). These systems assume usage of methods of the observed space objects (SO) orbital parameters determination, based on the measurements of their angular coordinates bound at the right time. At the same time, a number of requirements to these methods are claimed. Not only to accuracy, reliability and resistance of received results to errors, but also to amounts of time, labor and material costs on receiving these results. Due to this fact, development and upgrade of such methods of orbit determination is the actual problem in the specified area. In this article the developed method of geostationary and geosynchronous orbits determination, which during the saving high accuracy and reliability allows achieving rational use of resources of the one-positional passive SM radar-tracking system under concern, was described and probed. That in turn increases utility and efficiency of this system. Proposed method consists in finding of values of Keplerian orbital elements by minimization of the quadratic functional, connecting real angular observations of SO with estimates of the appropriate orbital elements. Thus properties of target functional allow to partially compensate influence of measuring errors, saving low requirements to the accuracy of initial approximation, and as to number of necessary measurements. Together with it, the method provides sufficient accuracy for a system under concern. Advantages of this method, in comparison with analogs, are simpler movement model of SO, which have an appearance of a differential equation of the first order describing elliptic movement of object in the field of central force, and, because of iterative kind of the method, ability to use advantages of excess measurements number existence. In this article a test algorithm, allowing to analyze results of its operation, both for model orbits, and for real observations was used.